尾翼板对水陆两栖车水动力性能影响的数值分析

张国卿; 冯亿坤; 靳昊斌; 盖祺芊; 徐小军

doi:10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2025-0126

尾翼板对水陆两栖车水动力性能影响的数值分析

doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2025-0126

国防科技大学智能科学学院, 湖南长沙, 410073

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52201387); 湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2023JJ40669); 国防科技大学科研计划资助项目(ZK22-60).

详细信息

作者简介:
张国卿(1996-), 男, 博士研究生, 主要研究方向为水陆两栖车减阻技术和高性能水中推进器设计

通讯作者:
冯亿坤(1992-), 男, 助理研究员, 主要研究方向为面向跨域环境的仿生机器人与水陆两栖智能装备总体设计.

中图分类号: TJ630; U661.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-09-11
- 修回日期: 2025-10-01
- 录用日期: 2025-10-09
- 网络出版日期: 2026-01-13

Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Stern Flap on the Hydrodynamic Performance of Amphibious Vehicles

College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China

摘要

摘要: 为探究尾翼板对水陆两栖车水动力性能的影响机制, 结合静水拖曳试验与数值仿真方法, 基于STAR-CCM+数值计算对比分析了加装尾翼板前后两栖车辆在不同航速下的运动参数、自由液面波形及车身压力分布特性。结果表明: 尾翼板显著改变水陆两栖车水动力特性。运动参数上, 其引入使航行阻力呈先降后增趋势, 在弗劳德数Fr=0.738时减阻率达21.6%; 航行姿态调控作用突出, 纵摇角度峰值差异达63.3% (Fr=0.738), 且有效抑制计算航速域内垂荡运动。尾翼板通过改变车体纵摇角度和垂荡幅值, 显著重构两栖车周围流场波形和车身压力分布特征, 其效果具有速度依赖性。
- 尾翼板 /
- 水陆两栖车 /
- 拖曳试验 /
- 航行姿态 /
- 阻力特性
Abstract: To explore the effect mechanism of stern flap on the hydrodynamic performance of amphibious vehicles, a combination of towing tests and numerical simulation methods was adopted to comparatively analyze the motion parameters, waveforms and pressure distribution of the vehicle at different speeds before and after the installation of stern flap base on STAR-CCM+. The results show that stern flap significantly alters the hydrodynamic characteristics of the vehicle. In terms of motion parameters, its introduction leads to a trend of first decreasing and then increasing in resistance, with a resistance reduction rate of 21.6% at Fr = 0.738. The regulation effect on sailing attitude is prominent, with a peak difference in pitch angle reaching 63.3% (Fr = 0.738), and it effectively suppresses the heave within the speed range. The stern flap significantly reconstructs the waveform of flow field around the amphibious vehicle and the pressure distribution characteristics of vehicle by changing the pitch angle and heave amplitude, and its effect is speed-dependent.
- stern flap /
- amphibious vehicle /
- towing test /
- sailing attitude /
- resistance characteristics

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图 1 水陆两栖车几何模型

Figure 1. Geometric model of amphibious vehicle

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图 2 计算域

Figure 2. Computational domain

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图 3 网格划分

Figure 3. Mesh division

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图 4 船模拖曳试验装置

Figure 4. Towing test device for ship model

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图 5 试验和数值计算结果比较

Figure 5. Comparison of experimental and numerical results

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图 6 航行阻力的试验不确定性分析

Figure 6. Uncertainty analysis of navigation resistance test

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图 7 运动参数变化曲线

Figure 7. Variation curves of motion parameters

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图 8 加装尾翼板前后自由液面波形对比

Figure 8. Comparison of free surface waveforms before and after installing tail plate

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图 9 加装尾翼板前后车身压力对比

Figure 9. Comparison of body pressure before and after the installation of tail plate

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表 1 模型主尺度参数

Table 1. Parameters of model main scale

名称	符号	数值	单位
质量	m	29.110	kg
总长	L_OA	1.290	m
型宽	B	0.383	m
型深	D	0.241	m
吃水	d	0.122	m
艏吃水	d_F	0.071	m
艉吃水	d_A	0.118	m
型深	D	0.241	m
排水量	▽	0.029	m³
对Y轴质量惯性矩	I_yy	10.371	kgm²
尾翼板宽度	b	0.071	m

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表 2 网格细节与水动力系数(Fr=0.827)

Table 2. Mesh details and hydrodynamic coefficientsesh details and hydrodynamic coefficients

板块分类	网格编号	网格单元数	阻力R_t/N
网格细节	M01	2 613 217	93.962
	M02	1 531 197	94.076
	M03	864 187	95.322
水动力系数	R_g		0.091(无量纲)
	P_RE		13.12(无量纲)
	δ_RE/(%)		0.0104(无量纲)
	C_g		22.582(无量纲)
	U_g/(%)		0.459(无量纲)

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