Experimental Study on Sailing Resistance and Attitude of Amphibious Unmanned Vehicles under Still Water Towing Conditions
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摘要: 静水阻力拖曳试验是评估水陆两栖车水动力性能的重要手段, 然而, 当前尚未有研究针对水陆两栖车航行阻力的静水拖曳试验流程及机理的系统性研究。文中以某型水陆两栖车为试验对象, 基于其几何参数和设定的试验工况, 依托船模拖曳水池试验装置制定了规范化的试验步骤, 定量表征了不同拖曳速度和不同尾翼板安装角度下的流体动力性能。结合试验观测现象和数据集, 重点分析了航速与尾翼板安装角度变化对航行阻力特性、升沉运动响应及纵倾姿态的影响规律, 为水陆两栖车水动力优化提供了试验依据和参考。Abstract: The still water resistance drag test is an important method for evaluating the hydrodynamic performance of amphibious vehicles. However, existing research lacked systematic description and verification of the test process and mechanism. A specific high-speed amphibious vehicle was selected as the research object. Standardized test procedures were developed using professional equipment, based on geometric parameters and predefined test conditions. Hydrodynamic performance was quantitatively measured at varying drag speeds and stern flap installation angles. Test observations and datasets were analyzed to determine the influence of speed and angle variations on sailing resistance characteristics, sinkage motion response, and trim attitude. This provided an experimental basis for hydrodynamic optimization of amphibious vehicles.
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图 3 试验现场及部分装置图. (a)船模水池拖车系统; (b)模型连接; (c)船舱内部安装图; (d)单分量盒式天平; (e)适航仪偏转机构.
Figure 3. Experimental site and partial device diagram.
图 4 工况A-1的两栖车艏艉状态
Figure 4. Bow and stern state of amphibious vehicle under condition A-1
图 5 工况A-1的水动力参数时历曲线
Figure 5. The time-history curve of hydrodynamic parameters for operating condition A-1
图 7 静水阻力拖模试验的艏流场和艉流场状态
Figure 7. Bow and stern flow field states of hydrostatic drag drag model test
表 1 模型主尺度参数
Table 1. Main scale parameters of model
名称 符号 参数 总长/m LOA 1.290 型宽/m B 0.383 型深/m D 0.241 吃水/m d 0.122 艏吃水/m dF 0.071 艉吃水/m dA 0.118 排水量/m3 ▽ 0.029 对Y轴质量惯性矩/kgm2 Iyy 10.371 尾翼板宽度/m b 0.071 
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表 2 静水阻力拖模试验工况
Table 2. Still water resistance towing tank test conditions
试验工况 拖曳速度V(m/s) Fr 尾翼板角度β/(°) A-1 2.100 0.591 4 A-2 2.625 0.738 4 A-3 2.940 0.827 4 A-4 3.675 1.034 4 A-5 4.410 1.241 4 B-1 2.625 0.738 0 B-2 3.675 1.034 0 C-1 3.675 1.034 8 C-2 4.410 1.241 8
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