基于总体最小二乘法的工况传递路径分析

桂俊涛; 樊晓波; 满石林; 吴凇

doi:10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2025-0024

基于总体最小二乘法的工况传递路径分析

doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2025-0024

中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇五研究所, 云南昆明, 650106

详细信息

作者简介:
桂俊涛(1997-), 男, 硕士, 工程师, 主要研究方向为振动噪声控制

中图分类号: TJ630; U661.44
计量
- 文章访问数: 87
- HTML全文浏览量: 41
- PDF下载量: 57
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-02-13
- 修回日期: 2025-09-02
- 录用日期: 2025-09-08
- 网络出版日期: 2026-03-27

Operational Transfer Path Analysis with Total Least Squares Method

The 705 Research Institute, China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation Limited, Kunming 650106, China

摘要

摘要: 工况传递路径分析(OTPA)通过不同工况下的响应数据, 实现对振动噪声的分解和预测, 在工程领域得到广泛应用。但振动噪声的响应数据不可避免包含误差, 严重影响OTPA的准确性。为减小误差的影响、提高传递率函数矩阵的准确性, 将总体最小二乘法引入OTPA以求解传递率函数矩阵。相较传统方法, 总体最小二乘法同时考虑了目标点与指示点响应数据的观测误差。分别采用正则化最小二乘模型和总体最小二乘模型,在数值模型与测试模型中开展OTPA并获取各路径贡献量。仿真结果表明, 总体最小二乘法识别的贡献量与经典传递路径分析贡献量吻合度更高; 相较于正则化最小二乘法, 总体最小二乘法在OTPA中适用性更强, 有效提高了OTPA的准确度。
- 振动噪声 /
- 工况传递路径分析 /
- 最小二乘法 /
- 观测误差
Abstract: Operational transfer path analysis(OTPA) utilizes response data under different working conditions to decompose and predict vibration noise and is therefore widely used in various engineering fields. However, the response data of vibration noise inevitably contains errors, which seriously affect the accuracy of the OTPA. To reduce the impact of errors and improve the accuracy of the transmissibility function matrix, the total least squares method was used to estimate the transmissibility function matrix. Compared to traditional methods, the total least squares method takes into account the observation errors in both the target point and indicator point response data. The regularized least squares model and the total least squares model were respectively adopted to perform OTPA in both numerical models and test models, and the contribution of each path was obtained. The simulation results show that the contribution identified by the total least squares method is more consistent with the contribution of classical transfer path analysis, indicating that compared with the regularized least squares method, the total least squares method has better applicability in OTPA, effectively improving the accuracy of OTPA.
- vibration noise /
- operational transfer path analysis /
- least squares method /
- observation error

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图 1 主被动线性系统示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the active and passive linear system

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图 2 9自由度模型

Figure 2. The Nine-degree-of-freedom model

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图 3 拆解后的9自由度模型

Figure 3. Nine-degree-of-freedom model after decomposition

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图 4 合成响应对比

Figure 4. Comparison of synthetic responses

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图 5 路径35贡献量对比

Figure 5. Comparison of contribution amount of path 35

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图 6 路径46贡献量对比

Figure 6. Comparison of contribution amount of path 46

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图 7 路径78贡献量对比

Figure 7. Comparison of contribution amount of path 78

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图 8 实验装置

Figure 8. The experimental setup

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图 9 频响函数H_ta和H_tb

Figure 9. Frequency response function H_taand H_tb

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图 10 TPA合成响应与实测响应对比

Figure 10. Comparison between TPA synthetic response and measured response

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图 11 O-RLS合成响应与实测响应对比

Figure 11. Comparison between O-RLS synthetic response and measured response

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图 12 O-TLS合成响应与实测响应对比

Figure 12. Comparison between O-TLS synthetic response and measured response

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图 13 路径1贡献量对比

Figure 13. Comparison of contribution amount of path 1

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图 14 路径2贡献量对比

Figure 14. Comparison of contribution amount of path 2

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图 15 路径贡献量云图

Figure 15. Contour plot of path contribution amount

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图 16 FRAC值对比

Figure 16. Comparison of FRAC values

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表 1 9自由度模型参数

Table 1. Parameters of the nine-degrees of freedom model

参数类型	参数标识及数值
质量/kg	M₁=2; M₂=1; M₃=5.5; M₄=3; M₅=6; M₆=8; M₇=2.5; M₈=3.5; M₉=4;
刚度/(kN/mm)	K₀₁=0.1; K₁₂=0.4; K₁₇=0.5; K₂₃=0.35; K₂₄=0.15; K₃₅=0.13; K₄₆=0.6; K₅₉=0.27; K₆₉=0.39; K₇₈=0.48; K₈₉=0.29;
阻尼/(kg/s)	C₀₁=1.1; C₁₂=3.6; C₁₇=6.2; C₂₃=4.5; C₂₄=9.0; C₃₅=8.3; C₄₆=11.3; C₅₉=14; C₆₉=16.3; C₇₈=5.2; C₈₉=7.0;

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表 2 实验仪器参数

Table 2. Parameters of experimental instruments

仪器	数量	标称灵敏度	采样频率/Hz
B&K加速度计(4524 B)	3	100 mv/g	0.25~3 000
CL-YD力传感器	2	3.25 N/Pc	1 000
JZK-2 激振器	1	—	15 000
JZK-20 激振器	1	—	2 000
B&K数据采集处理系统	1	—	25 600

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表 3 实验工况

Table 3. Experimental conditions

工况	点A激励	点B激励
1	随机	随机
2	随机	正弦扫频
3	正弦扫频	随机
4	正弦扫频	正弦扫频

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