基于板块元的复杂多目标高频近似散射声场快速算法研究

孟丽宁; 赵婧淑; 李桢慧; 刘睿

doi:10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2026-0090

基于板块元的复杂多目标高频近似散射声场快速算法研究

doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2026-0090

孟丽宁^{1, 2, 3,},
赵婧淑^{1, 2, 3,},
李桢慧^{1, 2, 3,},
刘睿^{1, 2, 3, ,}

1.
哈尔滨工程大学水声技术全国重点实验室, 黑龙江哈尔滨, 150001
2.
工业和信息化部海洋信息获取与安全重点实验室(哈尔滨工程大学), 黑龙江哈尔滨, 150001
3.
哈尔滨工程大学水声工程学院, 黑龙江哈尔滨, 150001

基金项目: 2025年国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202510217156).

详细信息

通讯作者:
刘　睿(1994-), 男, 博士、讲师, 研究方向为水下目标声散射特性分析.

中图分类号: TJ630.34; U674.941
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2026-05-12
- 修回日期: 2026-05-20
- 录用日期: 2026-05-21
- 网络出版日期: 2026-06-12

A Fast Algorithm for High-Frequency Approximate Scattering Acoustic Field of Complex Multi-Targets Based on the Planar Elements Method

MENG Lining^{1, 2, 3
,},
ZHAO Jingshu^{1, 2, 3
,},
LI Zhenhui^{1, 2, 3
,},
LIU Rui^{1, 2, 3
, ,}

1.
National Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Marine Information Acquisition and Security(Harbin Engineering University), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin 150001, China
3.
College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China

摘要

摘要: 随着水下UUV集群化作战的发展, 水下复杂多目标的探测与识别问题受到重视。针对此, 我们建立了基于板块元算法的快速计算模型, 以提高计算准确度与效率。首先利用改进的板块元算法对双目标模型的目标特性进行了计算, 通过物理场仿真和消声水池试验实测结果与计算结果比较验证了该计算方法的正确性。为了提高计算效率引入OpenMP并行算法, 根据不同角度和频率入射下复杂多目标散射声场特性计算难度各异的问题, 优化循环迭代调度机制, 实现了线程负载的高均衡, 获得5.3倍加速比。用此快速算法研究更复杂的多目标模型, 通过分析目标特性角度-频率云图可以得到多目标高频散射声场特性随频率增加规律性变化, 在某些角度目标强度存在极值。同时存在高频干涉条纹, 分析了散射特性与几何位置的关联规律。研究结果可为水下目标声学探测与特性研究提供理论参考。
- 高频声散射 /
- 板块元方法 /
- 多目标散射 /
- OpenMP并行算法
Abstract: With the development of unmanned undersea vehicle(UUV) cluster operations, the detection and recognition of complex multi-targets underwater have garnered significant attention. To address this, we established a fast calculation model based on the Planar Elements method to improve both computational accuracy and efficiency. Initially, the method was employed to calculate the target characteristics of a dual-target model. The accuracy of this method was validated by comparing the calculation results with physical field simulations and experimental measurements from an anechoic water tank.To enhance computational efficiency, the OpenMP parallel algorithm was introduced. By optimizing the loop iteration scheduling mechanism according to the varying computational difficulties of complex multi-target scattering acoustic field characteristics under different incident angles and frequencies, high thread load balance was achieved, yielding a 5.3x speedup. This fast algorithm was then applied to investigate more complex multi-target models. By analyzing the angle-frequency maps of target characteristics, the regular variations in the high-frequency scattering acoustic field characteristics of multi-targets with increasing frequency were obtained, revealing that target strength exhibits extrema at certain angles. Meanwhile, high-frequency interference fringes were observed. The correlation between scattering characteristics and geometric positions was analyzed. The research results provide a theoretical reference for underwater target acoustic detection and characteristic studies.
- high-frequency acoustic scattering /
- planar elements method /
- multi-targets scattering /
- OpenMP parallel algorithm

HTML全文

图 1 目标声散射示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of target acoustic scattering

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图 2 板块元各参量示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of parameters of plate elements

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图 3 收发分置声散射示意图

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of separated transmitter and receiver acoustic scattering

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图 4 双刚性球模型及三角形网格示意图

Figure 4. Double rigid sphere model and triangular mesh schematic

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图 5 双球目标强度频率响应曲线

Figure 5. Frequency response curve of target strength for double spheres

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图 6 双目标模型示意图

Figure 6. Multi-target model and triangular mesh schematic

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图 7 30 kHz双目标角度响应曲线

Figure 7. 30 kHz multi-target angular response curve

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图 8 90°双目标频率响应曲线

Figure 8. 90° multi-target frequency response curve

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图 9 UUV简化模型

Figure 9. Simplified UUV model diagram

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图 10 UUV＋球体双目标布放示意图

Figure 10. Deployment schematic of UUV + double sphere targets

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图 11 实验设备连接图

Figure 11. Equipment connection diagram for experiments

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图 12 试验结果与计算结果比对

Figure 12. Comparison of experimental and computational results

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图 13 并行算法分配任务流程图

Figure 13. Flowchart of parallel algorithm task allocation

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图 14 不同面元数加速比对比

Figure 14. Speedup ratio comparison for different numbers of elements

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图 15 复杂多目标模型示意图

Figure 15. Complex multi-targets model and triangular mesh schematic

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图 16 高频多目标强度热力云图

Figure 16. High-frequency multi-targets strength heat map

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表 1 试验设备参数列表

Table 1. List of experimental equipment parameters

名称	参数	材质
首部直径/mm	250	尼龙
首部长/mm	400	尼龙
中部长/m	1.3	铝合金
总长/m	2.2	铝合金
尾部长/mm	500	尼龙
球体直径/mm	700	钢

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表 2 试验测量系统发射换能器参数列表

Table 2. Parameter list of transmitting transducer in experimental measurement system

名称	工作频段/kHz
CT30柱形换能器	20~30
CT45柱形换能器	35~60
CT75柱形换能器	60~100

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表 3 试验测量系统接收换能器参数列表

Table 3. Parameter list of receiving transducer in experimental measurement system

名称	直径/mm	工作频段	灵敏度/dB	通道
RHS-(A)20球形水听器	8	10 Hz~100 kHz	−197±1	1、3
TC4032水听器	15	5 Hz~120 kHz	−170±2	2、5
BK8103水听器	50	0.1 Hz~180 kHz	-211	4

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表 4 不同调度方式目标强度计算耗时对比

Table 4. Comparison of time consumption for calculating target intensity under different scheduling methods

调度方式	总计算时间/s	耗时不均衡性/%
静态调度	173.29	21.27
动态调度	165.38	17.13
引导式调度	162.96	16.22

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表 5 不同chunk取值目标强度计算耗时对比

Table 5. Comparison of the time consumption for calculating the target intensity of different chunk

chunk取值	总计算时间/s	耗时不均衡性/%
4	161.99	17.87
8	164.63	30.76
12	178.45	59.42
16	196.67	100.00

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