小型水下航行器典型物理场低频特征试验研究

周广源; 文无敌; 张光华; 涂羿帆

doi:10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2026-0056

小型水下航行器典型物理场低频特征试验研究

doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2026-0056

海军工程大学, 湖北武汉, 430000

详细信息

作者简介:
周广源(2001-), 男, 在读硕士, 主要研究方向为磁探测与磁防护

通讯作者:
文无敌(1981-), 男, 博士, 教授, 主要研究方向为水下电磁感知与隐身技术.

中图分类号: TJ630.1; U661.1
计量
- 文章访问数: 6
- HTML全文浏览量: 6
- PDF下载量: 2
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2026-03-20
- 修回日期: 2026-05-07
- 录用日期: 2026-05-14
- 网络出版日期: 2026-05-19

Experimental Study on Low-Frequency Characteristics of Typical Physical Fields for Small Underwater Vehicles

Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan 430000, China

摘要

摘要: 当前水下多物理场探测研究多聚焦舰船、潜艇等大尺度目标, 针对小型水下航行器的多物理场联合探测相关研究较少,为探究其在100 Hz内低频多物理场特征与场间关联规律, 在浅海避风港开展水下实测试验, 同步采集声场、电场、磁场、压力场、地震波场及交流磁场信号。经数据预处理与工频干扰抑制后, 分析各物理场时域通过特性与频谱特征, 分析多物理场耦合关联特性。试验结果表明, 电场与磁场呈现强相关共源特性, 交流磁场包含更丰富的目标特征信息; 声场与地震波场频域特征高度契合, 地震波场抗海洋环境干扰能力显著优于水压场。文中分析了小型水下航行器典型低频多物理场特征与耦合规律, 可为水下小目标多物理场联合探测与识别提供试验支撑。
- 小型水下航行器 /
- 低频物理场 /
- 线谱特征 /
- 多物理场相关性 /
- 航迹关联
Abstract: Current research on underwater multi-physical field detection mostly focuses on large-scale targets such as ships and submarines, while little attention has been paid to joint multi-physical field detection for small underwater vehicles. To investigate the low-frequency characteristics and inter-field correlation of multi-physical fields within 100 Hz and below for small underwater vehicles, field tests were carried out in a shallow-water sheltered harbor. Signals of acoustic, electric, magnetic, pressure, seismic wave, and alternating magnetic fields were synchronously acquired. After data preprocessing and power frequency interference suppression, the time-domain passage characteristics and frequency-domain line spectrum features of each physical field were analyzed, and the coupling characteristics of multi-physical fields were discussed. The results show that the electric field and magnetic field exhibit strong correlation and common-source characteristics, and the alternating magnetic field contains richer target feature information. The frequency-domain characteristics of the acoustic field and seismic wave field are highly consistent, and the seismic wave field is significantly superior to the water pressure field in resisting marine environmental interference. This study analyzes the typical low-frequency multi-physical field characteristics and coupling laws of small underwater vehicles, which can provide experimental support for joint multi-physical field detection and recognition of underwater small targets.
- Small Underwater Vehicle /
- Low-Frequency Physical Field /
- Line Spectrum Characteristic /
- Multi-Physical Field Correlation /
- Track Correlation

HTML全文

图 1 多物理场测量阵列

Figure 1. Measurement array of multi-physics fields

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图 2 试验布放示意图

Figure 2. Schematic of test layout

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图 3 环境噪声信号

Figure 3. Ambient Noise Signals

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图 4 目标航速2.5 kn各物理场对应的信号

Figure 4. Time-domain signals of each physical field at the target speed of 2.5 kn

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图 5 目标电场、磁场与交流磁场幅度谱

Figure 5. Amplitude spectra of target electric, magnetic and alternating magnetic fields

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图 6 目标声场、水压场与地震波场幅度谱

Figure 6. Amplitude spectra of target acoustic, water pressure and seismic wave fields

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表 1 多物理场测量传感器

Table 1. Multi-physical field measurement sensors

传感器类型	测量器件	系统有效测量带宽
三分量电场传感器	Ag/AgCl电极	DC~4 000 Hz
三分量磁场传感器	磁通门传感器	DC~4 000 Hz
压力传感器	压阻式传感器	DC~5 00 Hz
声传感器	压电式水听器	10~32 000 Hz
地震波传感器	力平衡加速度计	0.003~100 Hz

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