分层海洋中水下航行器尾流感应电磁场建模与内波特性分析

王翔津; 张建生; 王新彤; 闫林波; 兰青

doi:10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2025-0162

分层海洋中水下航行器尾流感应电磁场建模与内波特性分析

doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2025-0162

西安工业大学基础学院, 陕西西安, 710021

基金项目: 陕西省重点研发计划项目(2023-YBGY-016).

详细信息

作者简介:
王翔津(2000-), 女, 在读硕士, 主要研究方向为水下信号探测

中图分类号: TJ630.34; U674.941
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- 文章访问数: 478
- HTML全文浏览量: 334
- PDF下载量: 69
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-12-03
- 修回日期: 2026-03-04
- 录用日期: 2026-03-09
- 网络出版日期: 2026-06-29

Modeling of Wake-Induced Electromagnetic Fields of Undersea Vehicles and Analysis of Internal Wave Characteristics in Stratified Ocean

School of Sciences, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710021, China

摘要

摘要: 针对水下航行器隐蔽性带来的威胁, 满足非声探测技术发展需求, 文中聚焦密度分层海洋环境中航行器尾流的电磁效应作用机制。现有尾流电磁场研究多基于均匀流体假设, 忽略分层现象导致的内波效应。为此, 文中创新性建立分层流体中水下航行器尾流速度场数学模型, 将尾流分解为表面波与内波分量的线性叠加, 并推导尾流感应电磁场表达式。通过仿真分析航行器在潜深10~50 m工况下感应磁场的空间分布、衰减规律以及各分量贡献占比。结果表明, 分层环境下, 表面波感应磁场近场峰值可达0.15 nT, 但随传播距离衰减迅速; 内波感应磁场近场峰值为0.006 nT, 且波形相干稳定、衰减缓慢, 在远场区域成为总感应磁场主导分量; 同时, 随着航行器潜深增加, 内波贡献比例显著增大, 潜深50 m时近场贡献比例可达84.9％。研究表明内波作为远场探测的关键物理量, 可为发展对水下航行器远距离非声探测技术提供理论依据。
- 非声探测 /
- 水下航行器尾流 /
- 分层海洋 /
- 内波 /
- 感应电磁场
Abstract: To counter the threat posed by undersea vehicle stealth and meet the demand for the development of non-acoustic detection technology, this study focused on the action mechanism of electromagnetic effects induced by vehicle wakes in density-stratified ocean environments. Existing studies on wake electromagnetic fields are mostly based on the uniform fluid assumption, neglecting the effects of internal waves induced by stratification. To this end, this paper innovatively built a mathematical model for the velocity field of undersea vehicle wakes in stratified fluid, decomposing the wake into a linear superposition of surface wave and internal wave components, with the expression for wake-induced electromagnetic fields derived. By conducting numerical simulations, the spatial distribution, attenuation patterns, and component contributions of the induced magnetic field were analyzed for undersea vehicles at depths ranging from 10 m to 50 m. The results indicate that under stratified environments, the surface wave-induced magnetic field reaches the peak value of 0.15 nT in the near field but decays rapidly with distance. In contrast, the internal wave-induced magnetic field only has a peak value of 0.006 nT in the near field, and it features stable waveform coherence and slow decay, becoming dominant in the far field. Furthermore, as the submergence depth of the vehicle increases, the contribution of the internal wave grows significantly, reaching 84.9% in the near field at a depth of 50 m. This study reveals that as the key physical quantity for far-field detection, internal waves provide a theoretical basis for the development of long-range non-acoustic detection technologies for undersea vehicles.
- non-acoustic detection /
- undersea vehicle wake /
- stratified ocean /
- internal wave /
- induced electromagnetic field

HTML全文

图 1 水下航行器运动环境示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the motion environment of underwater vehicle

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图 2 潜深10 m水下航行器尾流感应磁场强度分布

Figure 2. Distribution of induced magnetic field intensity of wake of undersea vehicle at submergence depth of 10 m

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图 3 潜深10 m总感应电场强度分布

Figure 3. Distribution of total induced electric field intensity at submergence depth of 10 m

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图 4 不同潜深总感应磁场对比

Figure 4. Comparison of total induced magnetic field at different submergence depths

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图 5 表面波与内波感应磁场峰值随潜深衰减曲线

Figure 5. Attenuation curves of peak values of surface wave and internal wave induced magnetic fields with submergence depth

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表 1 仿真参数设置

Table 1. Simulation Parameters

参数	数值	参数	数值
水下航行器长度/m	100	地磁恒定强度/nT	$ 5\times {10}^{4} $
水下航行器体积/$ {\mathrm{m}}^{3} $	7160	浮力频率/(rad/s)	0.02
速度/(m/s)	10	磁偏角/(°)	0
海水电导率/(S/m)	5	磁倾角/(°)	60

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 内波对总磁场贡献比例

Table 2. Contribution ratio of internal wave to total magnetic field

h_d/m	1 km处内波贡献比例/%	4 km处内波贡献比例/%
10	21.7	12.2
30	55.0	44.4
50	84.9	79.8

下载: 导出CSV

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