Research on Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Self-separation Deploying UUV Based on MRF and Overset Mesh
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摘要: 基于雷诺平均方程(RANS)方法, 耦合多重参考系(MRF)模型与重叠网格技术, 建立适用于自航式布放UUV等双体分离问题的数值计算方法。针对自航式布放UUV的水动力特性, 选取多个定常工况, 对比分析了典型回转体UUV在布放状态与自由状态下的水动力特性差异。研究表明: 在布放装置尾流场下UUV受到显著的干扰, 包含阻力系数、升力系数和俯仰力矩系数在内的位置力系数变化在7.12%~343.04%, 旋转力系数变化在22.81%~97.16%, 操舵力系数变化在11.83%~164.98%, 操纵性对比自由状态显著减弱。文中通过分析自航式布放UUV水动力特性的变化, 揭示尾流场干扰特性, 能为布放方案的优化和控制策略设计提供一定理论依据。Abstract: Based on the RANS method, this paper combined multi-reference frame (MRF) with the overset mesh to established a numerical calculation method suitable for studying the separation problem of self-separation deploying UUV and more other two-bodys separating systems. According to typical cases studied, comparing and analyzing the simulation results with the model test results, the results showed that the accuracy of this method meeted the engineering application requirements. This paper further researched on the hydrodynamic characteristics of self-separation UUV during deployment. Multiple steady-state conditions were selected to compare and analyze the hydrodynamic characteristics of typical rotary UUV in the deployment state and the free state. The research results were as follows: Under the wake field of the deployment device, the UUV was significantly disturbed, with position force coefficients including resistance coefficients and pitching moment coefficients changes ranging from 7.12% to 343.04%, rotational force coefficients changes ranging from 22.81% to 97.16%, and steering force coefficients changes ranging from 11.83% to 164.98%, the operability of the UUV was significantly less than that in the free state. This paper aimed to efficiently analyze the changes in the hydrodynamic characteristics of self-separation deploying UUV during deployment, revealed the interference characteristics of the wake field, and provided a certain theoretical basis for the optimization of the deployment scheme and the design of control strategies.
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图 5 各项位置力系数绝对值对比
Figure 5. comparison of absolute values of position force coefficients for each term
图 6 无因次角速度下的各项旋转力系数绝对值对比
Figure 6. comparison of absolute values of rotational force coefficients for each term under dimensionless angular velocity
图 7 各项操舵力系数绝对值对比
Figure 7. comparison of absolute values of steering force coefficients for each term
图 9 典型UUV分离过程的速度衰减曲线
Figure 9. Speed attenuation curve of the process typical UUV separating
图 10 SUBOFF母平台和布放装置的全局尾流场
Figure 10. Entire wake field of SUBOFF platform and the deployment device
图 14 布放状态攻角变化下的压力云图
Figure 14. Pressure scalar scene under the variation of attack angle in the deployment state
图 15 α=0时布放装置出口的压力云图
Figure 15. Pressure scalar scene of the deployment device outlet when α = 0
图 17 α=4°时布放状态的压力云图
Figure 17. Pressure scalar scene of the deployment state when α = 4°
图 18 α=8°时布放状态的压力云图
Figure 18. Pressure scalar scene of the deployment state when α = 8°
图 22 无因次角速度为0.436时自由状态的速度云图
Figure 22. Velocity scalar scene of the deployment state when dimensionless angular velocity coefficient is 0.436
图 20 无因次角速度为0.436时布放状态的压力云图
Figure 20. Pressure scalar scene of the deployment state when dimensionless angular velocity coefficient is 0.436
图 21 无因次角速度为0.436时自由状态的速度云图
Figure 21. Velocity scalar scene of the free state when dimensionless angular velocity coefficient is 0.436
图 23 各项操舵力系数绝对值对比
Figure 23. comparison of absolute values of steering force coefficients for each term
图 24 舵偏角为25°时自由状态的速度云图
Figure 24. Velocity scalar scene of the free state when angle of rudders is 25°
图 25 舵偏角为25°时布放状态的速度云图
Figure 25. Velocity scalar scene of the deployment state when angle of rudders is 25°
表 1 位置力系数与力矩系数的仿真误差
Table 1. Simulation errors of position force coefficient and moment force coefficient
攻角/(°) 阻力系数
误差/%升力系数
误差/%俯仰力矩
系数误差/%0 3.12 9.03 5.59 2 2.28 9.85 1.66 4 2.47 1.12 5.56 6 3.99 8.57 0.95 8 5.97 6.36 4.82 10 7.61 4.82 9.23 
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表 2 旋转力仿真相关参数
Table 2. Simulation parameters of rotational force
无因次角速度 半径/m 角速度/(rad/s) 切向速度/(m/s) 0.218 25.26 0.14 3.53 0.291 18.95 0.19 3.53 0.363 15.14 0.23 3.53 0.436 12.64 0.28 3.53
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表 3 旋转力系数与力矩系数的仿真误差
Table 3. Simulation errors of rotation force coefficient and moment force coefficient
无因次角速度 阻力系数
误差/%升力系数
误差/%俯仰力矩
系数误差/%0.218 4.17 7.72 3.21 0.291 5.48 3.23 1.35 0.363 3.70 4.91 3.84 0.436 7.69 6.59 4.85
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表 4 操舵力系数与力矩系数的仿真误差
Table 4. Simulation errors of steering force coefficient and moment force coefficient
舵偏角
/(°)阻力系数
误差/%升力系数
误差/%俯仰力矩
系数误差/%舵法向力
系数误差/%铰链力距
系数误差/%0 2.35 2.16 1.42 8.39 4.24 5 4.45 2.43 5.42 6.23 9.49 10 4.55 7.81 8.07 6.36 5.36 15 3.35 8.91 9.56 5.43 1.71 20 2.07 4.28 4.93 7.12 3.19 25 2.22 8.46 8.97 7.63 4.34
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表 5 部分尾流场等值分层的截面尺寸
Table 5. Partially stratified cross-sectional dimensions of the wake field
速度/(m/s) 横平面尺寸/m 纵平面尺寸/m 0.26 155.21×1.35 117.29×1.21 0.51 52.13×0.96 17.44×1.10 0.64 31.51×0.63 11.17×0.93 0.77 20.76×0.49 8.74×0.77 1.03 5.94×0.41 5.62×0.69
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表 6 布放与自由状态对比的位置力和力矩系数变化
Table 6. Errors of position force coefficient and moment coefficient between deployment and free state
攻角/(°) 阻力系数
变化/%升力系数
变化/%俯仰力矩
系数变化/%−10 37.61 29.45 14.19 −8 21.43 58.51 37.38 −6 32.92 31.30 69.03 −4 90.12 40.68 18.68 −2 221.25 13.64 45.22 0 343.04 231.75 960.00 2 241.25 36.36 20.25 4 92.59 47.46 23.24 6 82.93 36.52 74.99 8 17.86 37.77 30.85 10 43.35 32.73 7.12
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表 7 布放与自由状态对比的旋转力和力矩系数变化
Table 7. Errors of rotation force coefficient and moment coefficient between deployment and free state
无因次角速度 阻力系数
变化/%升力系数
变化/%俯仰力矩
系数变化/%−0.436 74.82 26.18 39.98 −0.363 75.17 30.58 41.37 −0.291 87.76 24.34 52.18 −0.218 85.33 38.99 52.30 0.218 86.00 32.70 47.11 0.291 89.12 22.12 49.27 0.363 73.10 31.62 42.51 0.436 72.66 25.63 39.04
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表 8 布放与自由状态对比的操舵力和力矩系数变化
Table 8. Errors of steering force coefficient and moment coefficient between deployment and free state
舵偏角/(°) 阻力系数变化/% 升力系数变化/% 俯仰力矩
系数变化/%舵法向力
系数变化/%铰链力距
系数变化/%0 80.88 257.14 292.16 1900.00 900.00 5 83.86 44.08 18.98 36.25 11.83 10 73.08 30.33 38.07 22.62 26.23 15 57.25 36.94 32.84 27.07 38.50 20 42.82 35.40 35.94 26.72 78.61 25 31.86 32.51 28.23 29.99 164.98
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