基于VMD-FastICA的单通道舰船辐射噪声盲源分离

李玉伟; 王慧源

doi:10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2025-0089

基于VMD-FastICA的单通道舰船辐射噪声盲源分离

doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2025-0089

海军装备部驻上海地区第七军事代表室, 上海, 201107

详细信息

作者简介:
李玉伟(1988-), 男, 硕士, 工程师, 主要研究方向为水声信号处理

中图分类号: TJ630; U663
计量
- 文章访问数: 80
- HTML全文浏览量: 35
- PDF下载量: 11
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-07-18
- 修回日期: 2025-08-27
- 录用日期: 2025-09-08
- 网络出版日期: 2025-11-25

Blind Source Separation of Single-Channel Ship Radiated Noise Based on VMD-FastICA

The Seventh Military Representative Office of Naval Equipment Department in Shanghai, Shanghai 201107, China

摘要

摘要: 针对在仅有单通道信号可用的极端条件下, 难以从混合信号中分离出不同目标舰船辐射噪声信号的问题, 开展单通道盲源分离算法研究。提出一种基于变分模态分解(VMD)-改进快速独立成分分析(FastICA)的舰船辐射噪声盲源分离算法。在单通道条件下, 首先通过VMD将单通道信号分解为频率成分相对独立的多阶模态, 初步实现独立频率成分的分离; 而后将各阶模态组合为虚拟多通道信号, 解决FastICA无法处理单通道信号的问题; 最后通过FastICA对虚拟多通道信号进行处理, 进一步分离独立信号成分, 从而实现单通道舰船辐射噪声盲源分离。仿真与试验数据分析结果显示, VMD-FastICA算法分离的目标信号与原目标信号的相似度, 较奇异谱分析-独立成分分析(SSA-ICA)算法均有提升, 表明其在单通道舰船辐射噪声信号盲源分离中效果良好, 能够实现单通道条件下不同目标舰船辐射噪声信号的有效分离。
- 单通道 /
- 舰船辐射噪声 /
- 盲源分离 /
- 变分模态分解 /
- 快速独立成分分析
Abstract: To address the challenge of separating different target ship radiated noise signals from mixed signals under extreme conditions where only a single-channel signal is available, a blind source separation algorithm under single-channel conditions was researched. A ship radiated noise blind source separation algorithm based on the improved fast independent component analysis(Fast-ICA) using variational mode decomposition(VMD) was proposed. Under single-channel conditions, the single-channel signal was first decomposed into multiple modes featuring relatively independent frequency components through VMD, initially achieving the separation of independent frequency components. Then, these modes were combined into virtual multi-channel signals to solve the issue that Fast-ICA cannot process a single-channel signal. Finally, the virtual multi-channel signals were processed using Fast-ICA to further separate independent signal components, thereby achieving blind source separation of single-channel ship radiated noises. Simulation and experimental data analysis results show that the similarity between the target signals separated by the proposed VMD-FastICA algorithm and the original target signals is improved compared to the singular spectrum analysis-independent component analysis(SSA-ICA) algorithm. This demonstrates that the VMD-FastICA algorithm has good performance for separating bind sources of single-channel ship radiated noise signals and can achieve effective separation of different target ship radiated noise signals under single-channel conditions.
- single-channel /
- ship radiated noise /
- blind source separation /
- variational mode decomposition /
- fast independent component analysis

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图 1 VMD-FastICA算法流程图

Figure 1. Flow chart of VMD-FastICA algorithm

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图 2 仿真信号时域波形

Figure 2. Time domain waveforms of simulation signals

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图 3 SSA-ICA分离仿真信号时域波形

Figure 3. Time domain waveforms of simulation signals separated by SSA-ICA

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图 4 VMD-FastICA分离仿真信号时域波形

Figure 4. Time domain waveforms of simulation signal separated by VMD-FastICA

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图 5 仿真信号频谱

Figure 5. Spectra of simulation signals

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图 6 SSA-ICA分离仿真信号频谱

Figure 6. Spectra of simulation signals separated by SSA-ICA

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图 7 VMD-FastICA分离仿真信号频谱

Figure 7. Spectra of simulation signals separated by VMD-FastICA

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图 8 试验1设备布放图

Figure 8. Layout of equipment in experiment 1

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图 9 试验2设备布放图

Figure 9. Layout of equipment in experiment 2

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图 10 试验1信号时域波形

Figure 10. Time domain waveforms of signals in experiment 1

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图 11 SSA-ICA分离试验1信号时域波形

Figure 11. Time domain waveforms of signals in experiment 1 separated by SSA-ICA

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图 12 VMD-FastICA分离试验1信号时域波形

Figure 12. Time domain waveforms of signals in experiment 1 separated by VMD-FastICA

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图 13 试验1信号频谱

Figure 13. Spectra of signals in experiment 1

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图 14 SSA-ICA分离试验1信号频谱

Figure 14. Spectra of signals in experiment 1 separated by SSA-ICA

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图 15 VMD-FastICA分离试验1信号频谱

Figure 15. Spectra of signals in experiment 1 separated by VMD-FastICA

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图 16 试验2信号时域波形

Figure 16. Time domain waveforms of signals in experiment 2

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图 17 SSA-ICA分离试验2信号时域波形

Figure 17. Time domain waveforms of signals in experiment 2 separated by SSA-ICA

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图 18 VMD-FastICA分离试验2信号时域波形

Figure 18. Time domain waveforms of signals in experiment 2 separated by VMD-FastICA

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图 19 试验2信号频谱

Figure 19. Spectra of signals in experiment 2

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图 20 SSA-ICA分离试验2信号频谱

Figure 20. Spectra of signals in experiment 2 separated by SSA-ICA

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图 21 VMD-FastICA分离试验2信号频谱

Figure 21. Spectra of signals in experiment 2 separated by VMD-FastICA

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表 1 仿真信号相关系数绝对值

Table 1. Absolute values of correlation coefficients for simulation signals

处理方法	目标1信号	目标2信号
混合信号	0.7852	0.7263
SSA-ICA	0.8416	0.3881
VMD-FastICA	0.9607	0.9488

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表 2 试验1信号相关系数绝对值

Table 2. Absolute values of correlation coefficients for signals in experiment 1

处理方法	目标1信号	目标2信号
混合信号	0.7110	0.7110
SSA-ICA	0.7806	0.5706
VMD-FastICA	0.8860	0.8863

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表 3 混合信号、分离后信号与原信号相关系数绝对值

Table 3. Absolute correlation coefficients among mixed signal, separated signal and original signal

处理方法	目标1信号	目标2信号
混合信号	0.7160	0.7160
SSA-ICA	0.7533	0.4590
VMD-FastICA	0.7593	0.7538

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表 4 加入环境噪声后试验信号相关系数绝对值

Table 4. Absolute values of correlation coefficients for experiment signals with environmental noise

试验类别	处理方法	目标1信号	目标2信号
试验1	混合信号	0.5871	0.5776
	SSA-ICA	0.6385	0.5362
	VMD-FastICA	0.7906	0.6760
试验2	混合信号	0.6047	0.5488
	SSA-ICA	0.4238	0.5892
	VMD-FastICA	0.6654	0.6249

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表 5 VMD-FastICA分离试验信号与原信号相关系数绝对值

Table 5. Absolute values of correlation coefficients between VMD-FastICA separated experiment signals and original signals

试验类别	α	信号类别	K=5	K=6	K=7	K=8	K=9
试验1	1450	目标1	0.880 5	0.889 6	0.889 8	0.885 8	0.865 9
	1450	目标2	0.885 4	0.885 0	0.886 3	0.886 7	0.798 2
	1500	目标1	0.880 0	0.889 6	0.890 0	0.886 0	0.865 8
	1500	目标2	0.884 9	0.884 6	0.885 9	0.886 3	0.797 8
	1550	目标1	0.880 5	0.889 6	0.889 8	0.885 8	0.865 9
	1550	目标2	0.885 4	0.885 0	0.886 3	0.886 7	0.798 2
试验2	1450	目标1	0.651 9	0.751 6	0.759 9	0.759 9	0.745 1
	1450	目标2	0.767 9	0.754 0	0.753 3	0.754 0	0.726 9
	1500	目标1	0.651 0	0.750 8	0.759 2	0.759 3	0.744 2
	1500	目标2	0.767 1	0.753 7	0.753 0	0.753 8	0.726 6
	1550	目标1	0.650 3	0.749 9	0.758 6	0.758 8	0.743 2
	1550	目标2	0.766 3	0.753 4	0.752 8	0.753 6	0.726 4

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表 6 VMD-FastICA分离试验信号与原信号相关系数绝对值(含环境噪声)

Table 6. Absolute values of correlation coefficients between VMD-FastICA separated experiment signals and original signals with environmental noise

试验类别	α	信号类别	K=5	K=6	K=7	K=8	K=9
试验1	1450	目标1	0.776 0	0.775 6	0.799 4	0.790 3	0.790 0
	1450	目标2	0.672 2	0.675 1	0.676 3	0.675 4	0.655 3
	1500	目标1	0.775 3	0.775 1	0.790 4	0.790 6	0.790 4
	1500	目标2	0.672 1	0.675 0	0.655 7	0.676 0	0.655 7
	1550	目标1	0.774 7	0.774 5	0.800 2	0.790 9	0.790 8
	1550	目标2	0.672 0	0.674 9	0.677 3	0.676 5	0.656 1
试验2	1450	目标1	0.607 8	0.595 6	0.623 4	0.665 6	0.628 9
	1450	目标2	0.523 8	0.477 3	0.665 7	0.625 2	0.644 4
	1500	目标1	0.606 9	0.592 0	0.623 0	0.665 4	0.628 8
	1500	目标2	0.523 4	0.470 1	0.665 5	0.624 9	0.644 1
	1550	目标1	0.606 0	0.588 1	0.622 8	0.665 2	0.628 6
	1550	目标2	0.523 0	0.462 6	0.665 3	0.624 6	0.643 8

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