定轴式三分支齿轮传动系统均载特性试验研究

严海; 杨圣; 文立华; 孟凡明; 曹浩

doi:10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2025-0085

定轴式三分支齿轮传动系统均载特性试验研究

doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2025-0085

严海^{1, 2,},
杨圣³,
文立华¹,
孟凡明³,
曹浩^{1, 2}

1.
西北工业大学航天学院, 陕西西安, 710077
2.
中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇五研究所, 陕西西安, 710077
3.
重庆大学先进装备机械传动国家重点实验室, 重庆, 400044

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划(No.2022YFB4201100).

详细信息

作者简介:
严海：严　海(1984-), 男, 博士, 高级工程师, 主要研究方向为总体结构设计与振动噪声控制

中图分类号: TH132.41; U664.21
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- 文章访问数: 2
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-07-05
- 修回日期: 2025-08-05
- 录用日期: 2025-08-18
- 网络出版日期: 2025-12-01

Experimental study on load sharing characteristics of fixed axis tri-branching gear transmission system

YAN Hai^{1, 2
,},
Yang Sheng³,
WEN LiHua¹,
Meng Fanming³,
Cao Hao^{1, 2}

1.
School of Astronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710077, China
2.
The 705 Research Institute, China Shipbuilding Instudy Corporation Limited, Xi’an 710077, China
3.
The State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission for Advanced Equipment, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China

摘要

摘要: 针对目前齿轮传动系统均载特性试验未考虑齿侧间隙、轴偏心角等加工和安装误差等对均载特性的影响, 文中以定轴式功率三分支齿轮传动系统为研究对象, 搭建了齿轮传动系统均载特性试验台, 试验台设计中, 通过在轴承座处加装薄垫片实现齿侧间隙的精准调整, 通过定制偏心套结构实现轴偏心角度的可控调节。为探究均载特性的影响规律, 测试了不同工况下分流级与汇流级中心轮的齿根应力, 并采用温度补偿应变片消除温度干扰对测试精度的影响, 重点分析了负载、齿侧间隙及轴偏心角度与均载特性的关联关系。研究结果表明: 汇流级齿轮的均载特性优于分流级; 两级齿轮的均载效果均随载荷增大而提升; 轴偏心角度对齿轮均载特性的影响显著。
- 三分支齿轮传动系统 /
- 均载特性 /
- 负载 /
- 齿侧间隙 /
- 轴偏心角度
Abstract: In view of the fact that the current load sharing characteristics test of gear transmission system does not consider the influence of processing and installation errors such as backlash and shaft eccentricity angle on load sharing characteristics, a gear transmission system load sharing characteristic test bench was built for a fixed axis power tri-branching gear transmission system. The backlash was adjusted by adding a thin gasket at the bearing seat, and the shaft eccentricity angle was adjusted by designing the eccentric sleeve structure. The tooth root stress of the sun gears of the split and combiner stages was tested under different operating conditions, and the influence of temperature on stress was eliminated through temperature compensation strain gauges. The variation trend of the gear load sharing characteristics with load, tooth clearance, and shaft eccentricity angle was studied. The results indicate that the load sharing characteristics of the combiner stage are superior to those of the split stage; the larger the load, the better the two-stage load sharing characteristics; the eccentricity angle of the shaft has a significant impact on the load sharing characteristics of gear transmission system.
- three-branch gear transmission system /
- load sharing characteristics /
- load /
- backlash /
- shaft eccentric angle

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图 1 三分支齿轮传动系统

Figure 1. Tri-branching gear transmission system

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图 2 试验台功能结构图

Figure 2. Functional structure diagram of the test bench

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图 3 均载试验实物图

Figure 3. Physical drawing of load sharing test

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图 4 基齿厚法调整齿侧间隙原理图

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of tooth side clearance adjustment by base tooth thickness method

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图 5 偏心套安装示意图

Figure 5. Installation diagram of eccentric sleeve

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图 6 偏心套安装角度与轴偏心角度关系图

Figure 6. Relationship between eccentric sleeve installation angle and shaft eccentric angle

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图 7 分流级太阳轮应变片位置

Figure 7. Position of strain gauge of split stage sun gear

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图 8 应变片静态标定图

Figure 8. Static calibration diagram of strain gauge

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图 9 静态标定试验扭矩-应变图

Figure 9. Torque strain diagram for static calibration test

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图 10 均载系数随扭矩变化图

Figure 10. Variation diagram of load sharing coefficient with torque

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图 11 均载系数随齿侧间隙变化图

Figure 11. Variation of load sharing coefficient with backlash

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图 12 均载系数随偏心套周向安装位置变化图

Figure 12. Variation of load sharing coefficient with the circumferential installation position of eccentric sleeve

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表 1 齿轮参数表

Table 1. Parameters of gears

齿轮	模数m_n /mm	齿数z	螺旋角β / °	齿宽B /mm	变位系数x
z₁	2.5	50	16	33	0.144
z_2i	2.5	62	16	33	0
z_3i	3.0	23	16	40	0
z₄	3.0	71	16	40	−0.224

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表 2 参试设备型号及参数表

Table 2. Model and parameters of test equipment

名称	型号	参数
动态应变测量仪	CT9316	16通道; 采样频率20 kHz
导电滑环	H75158-12-B0394	12通道; 额定电流5 A; 转速5 000 r/min
应变片	CHENGTEC120-2AA	灵敏度系数 2.0±1%; 动态响应频率范围 0~100 kHz
扭矩转速功率仪	CYT-30B	与转速扭矩传感器CYT-302配套使用
转速扭矩传感器	CYT-302	最大转速6 000 r/min; 最大扭矩3 000 N·m
电动机	YVF2-225M-2	电压380 V; 额定功率45 KW; 频率范围50~100 Hz
磁粉制动器	CZ-40	额定转矩400 N·m
变频器	V780	额定功率55 KW
梅花弹性联轴器	XL9-3/ XL13-1	转矩1 950 N·m, 转速4 750 r/min
梅花弹性联轴器	DJM09-1	转矩3 328 N·m, 转速9 000 r/min

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表 3 太阳轮应变片布置位置表

Table 3. Layout of strain gauges for sun gear

通道编号	轮齿所属太阳轮	所在轮齿编号	应变片组	应变片角度
1	分流级太阳轮	1	[A₁ a₁]	0°
2		18	[A₂ a₂]	120°
3		34	[A₃ a₃]	240°
4	汇流级太阳轮	1	[B₁ b₁]	0°
5		25	[B₂ b₂]	120°
6		49	[B₃ b₃]	240°

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