Design of Cross-Domain Relay Buoy Communication System Based on Multi-source Communication Links
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摘要: 针对现有深海潜标通信方式存在的通信模式有限、可靠性低、扩展性弱及功耗高等问题, 提出一种基于多源通信链路的跨域中继浮标通信系统设计方法。首先, 介绍了浮标通信系统的组成、工作原理及其工作模式, 并阐述了具备多源通信手段和高扩展性的系统硬件设计方案; 其次, 提出一种最优通信链路选择策略, 该策略能够根据各通信链路实时状态完成最优通信链路的动态选择, 从而提升系统通信可靠性和稳定性, 同时, 引入了数据重发机制, 以有效应对通信中断、数据丢包等通信异常情况, 进而确保系统通信准确性与完整性; 最后, 对系统电源管理与功耗优化进行设计, 并提出了一种低功耗控制策略, 以实现系统电源精细化控制与低功耗运行。试验结果表明, 文中所提浮标通信系统设计方法有效可行, 可解决深海潜标通信问题, 实现远距离实时数据传输, 为水下探测装备信息传输提供技术支撑。Abstract: Aiming at the problems of limited communication modes, low reliability, weak scalability, and high power consumption existing in deep-sea submersible communication methods, this paper proposes a cross-domain relay buoy communication system design method based on multi-source communication links. Firstly, the composition, working principle and working mode of the buoy communication system are introduced, and the system hardware design scheme with multiple communication methods and high scalability is described. Secondly, an optimal communication link selection strategy is proposed, which can dynamically select the optimal communication link according to the real-time status assessment of each link, so as to improve the reliability and stability of system communication. Additionally, the data retransmission mechanism is introduced to effectively address the abnormal communication problems such as communication interruption and data packet loss, so as to ensure the accuracy and integrity of system communication. Finally, the system power management and power consumption optimization are designed, and a low-power control strategy is proposed to realize the refined management of system power supply and efficient low-power operation. Experimental results demonstrate that the design method of the buoy communication system proposed in this paper is feasible and feasible, which can effectively solve the problems existing in the deep-sea submersible communication methods, which can achieve real-time data transmission of submersible targets across domains, and provide technical support for improving the information transmission ability of underwater detection equipment.
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图 1 锚系潜标跨域中继浮标通信系统示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the cross-domain relay buoy communication system for moored buoy
图 3 浮标通信系统硬件架构示意图
Figure 3. Hardware architecture diagram of the buoy communication system
图 5 SNR-ZD027型北斗三号短报文数传终端
Figure 5. SNR-ZD027 Beidou No.3 short message data transmission terminal
图 6 WXJ-ECVTS-100型智能卫星数据传输终端
Figure 6. WXJ-ECVTS-100 intelligent satellite data transmission terminal
图 7 SV6500PRO型无线透明传输收发模块
Figure 7. SV6500PRO wireless transparent transmission transceiver module
图 9 UACM-M型多体制水声通信机
Figure 9. UACM-M multi-mode underwater acoustic communication system
图 15 通信协议帧结构示意图
Figure 15. Schematic diagram of communication protocol frame structure
图 18 浮标通信系统海上布放作业
Figure 18. Offshore deployment operation of buoy communication system
表 1 数据包接收统计结果
Table 1. Statistics results of data packet reception
组别 北斗
接收帧数天通
接收帧数无线数传
接收帧数感应耦合
接收帧数水声
接收帧数1 100 — — 100 — 2 — 100 — 100 — 3 — — 100 100 — 4 100 — — — 100 5 — 100 — — 100 6 — — 100 — 100 
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表 2 数据包发送统计结果
Table 2. Statistics result of data packet transmission
组别 感应耦合
发送帧数水声
发送帧数北斗
发送帧数天通
发送帧数无线数传
发送帧数1 100 — 100 — — 2 100 — — 100 — 3 100 — — — 100 4 — 100 100 — — 5 — 100 — 100 — 6 — 100 — — 100
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表 3 水下通信链路数据包发送统计结果
Table 3. Statistics results of the number of data packets transmitted by underwater communication links
组别 浮标发送帧数 感应耦合发送帧数 感应耦合禁用次数 水声发送帧数 水声禁用次数 1 100 100 0 0 0 2 100 50 50 50 0 3 100 100 0 0 0
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表 4 水上通信链路数据包发送统计结果
Table 4. Statistics results of the number of data packets transmitted by air wireless communication links
组别 北斗发送帧数 北斗禁用次数 天通发送帧数 天通禁用次数 无线数传发送帧数 无线数传禁用次数 控制中心接收帧数 1 100 0 0 0 0 0 100 2 90 10 10 0 0 0 100 3 90 10 0 100 10 0 100
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表 5 数据包重传统计结果
Table 5. Statistics results of the number of data packet transmitted
组别 浮标接收
帧数感应耦合
注入次数感应耦合
禁用次数感应耦合
重传次数北斗注入
帧数北斗禁用
次数北斗重传
次数控制中心
接收帧数1 20 5 5 13 0 0 0 20 2 20 0 0 0 5 5 11 20
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表 6 功耗测试对比结果
Table 6. Comparison results of power consumption test
功耗管控
方案北斗发送
次数天通发送
次数无线数传
发送次数水声发送
次数感应耦合
发送次数综合功耗
/(W·h)对照组 100 100 100 100 100 56.1 测试组 100 100 100 100 100 22.8
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表 7 上行通信数据包发送情况统计结果
Table 7. Statistics results of the number of transmitted data packets sent in uplink communication
组别 潜标电子舱
发送帧数浮标感应耦合
发送帧数浮标水声通信
发送帧数浮标北斗
发送帧数浮标天通
发送帧数浮标无线数传
发送帧数控制中心
接收帧数1 60 60 0 69 0 0 58 2 60 63 1 66 2 0 60 3 60 60 0 60 0 0 60 4 60 — 58 — — 81 53
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表 8 下行通信数据包接收情况统计结果
Table 8. Statistics result of the number of received data packets in downlink communication
序号 控制中心
发送帧数浮标北斗
接收帧数浮标天通
接收帧数浮标无线数传
接收帧数浮标感应耦合
接收帧数浮标水声通信
接收帧数潜标电子舱
接收帧数1 24 24 0 0 24 0 24 2 26 — 25 1 26 0 26 3 20 — — 17 — 17 17
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