基于变截面流道形式的深海多金属结核采集装置集矿特性分析

魏佳康; 张修占; 刘茜茜; 刘建成; 李磊; 陈峰落; 张铁栋; 李浩

doi:10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2025-0044

基于变截面流道形式的深海多金属结核采集装置集矿特性分析

doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2025-0044

魏佳康^{1, 2,},
张修占^{1, 2, 3, ,},
刘茜茜^4,,
刘建成^{1, 2,},
李磊^{1, 2,},
陈峰落^{1, 2,},
张铁栋^3,,
李浩^{1, 2, 3,}

1.
招商局海洋装备研究院有限公司, 广东深圳, 518067
2.
招商局深海装备研究院(三亚)有限公司, 海南三亚, 572000
3.
中山大学海洋工程与技术学院, 广东珠海, 519082
4.
中国海洋大学工程学院, 山东青岛, 266100

基金项目: 广东省自然资源厅促进经济高质量发展项目(GDNRC [2024]44).

详细信息

作者简介:
魏佳康(1995-), 男, 硕士, 工程师, 主要研究方向为深海采矿装备技术

通讯作者:
张修占(1983-), 男, 博士, 高级工程师, 主要研究方向为海洋装备技术.

中图分类号: TJ6; U674
计量
- 文章访问数: 96
- HTML全文浏览量: 46
- PDF下载量: 23
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-03-11
- 修回日期: 2025-03-31
- 录用日期: 2025-04-24
- 网络出版日期: 2025-05-27

Ore-Collecting Characteristic Analysis of Deep-Sea Polymetallic Nodule Collection Device Based on Variable Cross-Section Flow Channel

WEI Jiakang^{1, 2
,},
ZHANG Xiuzhan^{1, 2, 3
, ,},
LIU Xixi^4
,,
LIU Jiancheng^{1, 2
,},
LI Lei^{1, 2
,},
CHEN Fengluo^{1, 2
,},
ZHANG Tiedong^3
,,
LI Hao^{1, 2, 3
,}

1.
China Merchants Marine and Offshore Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518067, China
2.
China Merchants Deepsea Research Institute (Sanya) Co., Ltd., Sanya 572000, China
3.
College of Marine Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
4.
College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China

摘要

摘要: 深海矿产资源开发的快速发展对装备技术提出更高要求, 其中多金属结核水力采集装置因复杂流-固耦合作用导致的流道结构设计缺陷, 造成结核捕获效率显著降低, 严重制约深海采矿商业化进程。文中针对被广泛应用的双排射流与附壁射流装置, 基于剪切应力传输 k-ω湍流模型和离散元方法(DEM)的数值分析方法, 探究2种水力集矿方式的流场分布、颗粒运动规律以及采集头与变截面式流道的搭配性。结果表明: 2种采集方式的输送流率均随射流流量的增大而增大, 射流流量在一定范围内对采集率影响较小, 流道构型对采集率的影响较大; 双排射流由于受漩涡等非均匀流场的影响, 流道入口处阻碍了结核的有效提升, 双排射流的采集率仅有80%; 附壁射流由于其均匀分布的流场结构, 表现出较优的结核开采能力, 采集率约为95%; 相同结构尺寸及水力参数条件下, 附壁射流的集矿能力与流道的搭配性更优, 双排射流在商业化应用设计中应重点解决流场漩涡等负面影响。文中研究可为深海多金属结核高效采集装置的结构设计提供参考。
- 深海采矿 /
- 水力式采集 /
- 流场分析 /
- 集矿能力
Abstract: With the rapid advancement of deep-sea mineral resource exploitation, there is an escalating demand for enhanced technological capabilities in equipment. The design flaws of the flow channel structure caused by the complex fluid-solid coupling effect of the polymetallic nodule hydraulic collection device have significantly reduced the nodule capture efficiency, seriously restricting the commercialization process of deep-sea mining. In this paper, for the widely used dual-row jet and wall-attached jet devices, based on the shear stress transfer k-ω turbulence model and the numerical analysis method of the discrete element method(DEM), the flow field distribution, particle movement law, and the compatibility of the collection head with the variable cross-section flow channel of the two hydraulic ore collection methods were explored. The findings reveal that both collection methods exhibit increasing transport rates with elevated jet velocities, and the collection efficiency demonstrates limited sensitivity to jet velocity variations within certain ranges. Flow channel configuration emerges as the dominant factor affecting collection efficiency. The dual-row jet configuration achieves only 80% collection efficiency due to vortex-induced flow field heterogeneity, particularly at the flow channel inlet region where efficient nodule collection is impeded. In contrast, the wall-attached jet configuration demonstrates superior nodule collection efficiency of 95%, attributable to its uniform flow field distribution. Comparative analysis under identical structural dimensions and hydraulic parameters confirms the wall-attached jet’s advantages in both ore collection capacity and flow channel compatibility. This study proposes that commercial applications of dual-row jets should prioritize vortex mitigation strategies in flow channel design. The presented findings provide references for optimizing structural configurations of efficient deep-sea polymetallic nodule collection devices.
- deep-sea mining /
- hydraulic collection /
- flow field analysis /
- ore-collecting capacity

HTML全文

图 1 射流集矿流场及结核运动特征示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of flow field and nodule movement of jet collecting ore

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 2种采集头结构三维模型

Figure 2. Structure diagram of the 3D model of two kinds of collection head structures

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图 3 数值计算几何模型图

Figure 3. Geometric model diagram for numerical calculation

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图 4 不同网格数量条件下监测线速度对比曲线

Figure 4. Comparison curves of monitoring line velocities under different grid numbers

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图 5 双排射流采集装置剖面流速云图

Figure 5. Velocity cloud images of the double-row jet collection device

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图 6 附壁射流采集装置剖面流速云图

Figure 6. Velocity cloud images of the wall-attached jet collection device

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图 7 不同时刻下双排射流采集流道内部颗粒运动情况

Figure 7. The movement of particles inside the double-row jet-collected flow channel at different times

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图 8 不同时刻下附壁射流采集流道内部颗粒运动情况

Figure 8. The movement of particles inside the wall-attached jet-collected flow channel at different times

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图 9 稳定状态下采集流道内颗粒速度分布频率

Figure 9. The particle velocity distribution frequency in the collection flow channel under steady state

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图 10 不同工况下流域内颗粒数变化曲线

Figure 10. Curves of particle count in the basin under different working conditions

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图 11 2种采集装置采集率与输送能力对比

Figure 11. Comparison of collecting rate and conveying capacity of two kinds of collection devices

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