海上无人系统跨域协同运用与技术发展

邱志明; 孟祥尧; 马焱; 王亮; 肖玉杰

doi:10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2024-0053

海上无人系统跨域协同运用与技术发展

doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2024-0053

海军研究院, 北京, 100442

基金项目: 中国工程院咨询项目(2023-XZ-06)

详细信息

作者简介:
邱志明(1961-), 研究员, 中国工程院院士, 主要研究方向为舰载武器系统与运用工程

中图分类号: TJ6; U674
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-03-12
- 修回日期: 2024-04-10
- 录用日期: 2024-04-11
- 网络出版日期: 2024-04-15

Cross-domain Collaborative Application and Technology Development of Maritime Unmanned Systems

Naval Research Institute, Beijing 100442, China

摘要

摘要: 海上无人系统跨域协同是未来海上无人系统的发展趋势和重要的应用方式。随着各种海上无人系统的快速发展和在世界局部战争冲突中的应用, 如何更好地使用海上无人系统跨域完成作战任务成为研究的重点。文中以不同空间域的海上无人系统为研究对象, 梳理总结了当前海上无人系统以及国外海上无人系统跨域运用的发展现状。重点针对海上无人系统的跨域协同运用基本原理和方法进行了分析, 提出了海上无人系统跨域协同运用的关键问题, 并在此基础上梳理了技术发展中需要重点关注的关键技术。最后提出了未来发展的几点启示, 以期为海上无人系统的跨域运用和技术发展提供参考和借鉴。
- 海上无人系统 /
- 跨域协同 /
- 技术发展
Abstract: Cross-domain collaboration of maritime unmanned systems is the future development trend and important way of application of maritime unmanned systems. With the rapid development of various maritime unmanned systems and their application in local wars and conflicts in the world, how to better use maritime unmanned systems to complete cross-domain combat missions has become the focus of research. With maritime unmanned systems in different spatial domains as the research objects, the current maritime unmanned systems and the development status of cross-domain application of maritime unmanned systems in other countries were summarized. The basic principles and methods of cross-domain collaborative application of maritime unmanned systems were analyzed, and the key issues of cross-domain collaborative application of maritime unmanned systems were put forward. On this basis, the key technologies requiring attention in the development of technologies were sorted out. Finally, several enlightenments for future development were put forward, so as to provide a reference for the cross-domain application and technology development of maritime unmanned systems.
- maritime unmanned system /
- cross-domain collaboration /
- technology development

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图 1 海上无人系统跨域协同概念内涵示意图

Figure 1. Conceptual connotation of cross-domain collaboration of maritime unmanned systems

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图 2 海上无人系统跨域协同基本原理

Figure 2. Basic principles of cross-domain collaboration of maritime unmanned systems

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图 3 海上无人系统跨域协同运用

Figure 3. Cross-domain collaborative application of maritime unmanned systems

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图 4 海上无人系统跨域协同运用关键技术

Figure 4. Key technologies for cross-domain collaborative application of maritime unmanned systems

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表 1 美国典型海上无人系统跨域运用技术验证项目

Table 1. Typical technology verification project for cross-domain application of maritime unmanned systems in the United States

年份	名称	无人系统组成	目标及主要内容
2011	DASH	浅海系统(UAV)、深海系统(UUV)	构建多模式反潜系统, 实现广域智能无人探反潜, 完成对部署海域潜艇的警戒、跟踪和追捕
2015	CDMaST	UAV、USV、UUV	实现分布式海上作战, 构建面向海洋跨域作战的体系, 改变海军在对抗性环境中投送力量及将敌方舰船与潜艇置于危险中的方式
2016	ACER	REMUS 600 UUV、“波浪滑翔者”USV和有人直升机	实现单系统对多个UAV、USV和UUV的指挥控制
2017	OCOMMS	USV、“金枪鱼”UUV、“矢量鹰”固定翼UAV	实现无人水下平台与空中平台间双向直连通信, 在水下平台下潜深度超过30 m的情况下, 实现速率不低于1 kByte/s, 距离超过27 km的端到端通信
2018	AMMCS	MQ-8B UAV、“波浪滑翔者”USV、REMUS 100/“激流”/IVER UUV	利用AMMCS控制6型无人平台定位并模拟攻击水下目标, 演示UUV、USV和UAV间的端到端跨域连接与协同指控

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表 2 国外典型跨域无人系统应用验证演习项目

Table 2. Typical verification projects for cross-domain application of unmanned systems abroad

年份	名称	无人系统组成	目标及主要内容
2016	“无人战士”	50多个异构海上无人平台(UAV、USV、UUV)	验证跨域无人系统情报、监视和侦查任务、反潜作战任务、水雷反制任务能力
2016 2017 2019	ANTX	UAV、USV、UUV	演示协同作战与跨域指挥通信能力, 构建水下协同探测与攻击系统, 实现协同组网、行动协同、任务协同、有无人协同迭代发展, 验证基本的侦察、反潜、反水雷、护航等任务能力
2019	OCEAN 2020	异构UAV、USV、UUV	实现海上监视与拦截任务, 验证跨域异构无人平台互操作性、多源信息融合与海事图像识别
2021	UxSIBP21	MQ-9B“海上卫士”UAV、中型USV、“科罗拉多”号(LCS-4)濒海战斗舰	探索有人与无人系统在全域作战中的配合运用方式
2022	IMX22	有人舰艇与80多型空中、水下无人系统	验证跨域异构平台互操作性、协同态势感知和跨介质通信能力
2022	RIMPAC-2022	4艘USV及多型UAV	测试跨域无人系统数据通信及组网能力

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