Terminal Effectiveness Analysis of Undersea Vehicles Incorporating a Terminal Guidance Mechanism

terminal-effect technologies, the assessment of terminal effectiveness against maneuvering targets requires more comprehensive consideration of the combined effects of multisubsystem parameters, including guidance, near-field triggering mechanisms, and terminal effect units. This paper proposes a terminal effectiveness assessment method for undersea vehicles that incorporates a terminal guidance mechanism. By backtracking the terminal guidance mechanism and introducing two types of error models, namely control error and guidance error models, Monte Carlo sampling is performed on random trajectories to obtain near-field trigger point positions. Three typical guidance laws are selected to construct terminal trajectory models, thereby enabling terminal effectiveness analysis under maneuvering conditions. Case studies show that, compared with the direct aiming method, the sliding mode guidance law yields a higher probability of severe terminal effects when tracking and encountering maneuvering targets. Taking the proportional navigation guidance method for tracking and encountering a weaving target as an example, the effects of multiple coupled parameters on final terminal effectiveness are further analyzed. The results indicate that, to achieve stable and efficient terminal effects, the vehicle must attain 2~3 times the target velocity and a guidance coefficient greater than 1.5; the desirable initiation distance of the near-field triggering mechanism is 2.5~4 m, and the desirable delay time is below 0.4 s. The proposed method comprehensively considers multisubsystem parameters of guidance, the near-field triggering mechanism, and the terminal effect unit, and can more accurately and comprehensively reflect the influence of parameters on terminal effectiveness results under maneuvering conditions, thereby providing a reference for the optimal design and operational use of relevant equipment.