Analysis of Spatiotemporal Characteristics for Underwater Target's Comprehensive Magnetic Field
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摘要: 水下目标辐射磁场的精确建模对磁探测技术的发展具有重要意义。目标辐射磁场主要分为磁异常场和尾流磁场, 而磁传感器在探测时通常接收的是磁总场信号。目前的研究主要针对磁异常场和尾流磁场分别进行仿真分析, 缺乏对两者集成后的辐射机理、传播模型、时空特性和衰减规律的系统研究, 难以有效推动水下目标磁探测技术的发展。为此, 文中提出一种水下目标综合磁场时空特性分析方法, 采用COMSOL和MATLAB软件分别对磁异常场和尾流磁场进行建模研究, 经矢量叠加集成两种磁场模型, 综合分析目标辐射磁场的时空特性及衰减规律, 提升了综合磁场的求解效率与模型精度, 同时揭示了目标运动参数对综合磁场的具体影响规律, 为水下目标磁探测的高精度建模提供了理论支撑。Abstract: The accurate modeling of the radiated magnetic field of underwater targets is of great significance to the development of magnetic detection technology. The target radiation magnetic field mainly consists of magnetic anomaly field and wake magnetic field, while the magnetic sensor usually receives the total magnetic field signal during detection. Current research mainly focuses on the simulation analysis of magnetic anomaly fields and wake magnetic fields respectively, lacking systematic studies on the radiation mechanism, propagation model, spatiotemporal characteristics and attenuation laws after their integration. This makes it difficult to effectively promote the development of underwater target magnetic detection technology. To this end, this paper proposes a method for analyzing the spatiotemporal characteristics of the comprehensive magnetic field of underwater targets. COMSOL and MATLAB software are used to model and study the magnetic anomaly field and wake magnetic field respectively. By integrating the two magnetic field models through vector superposition, the spatiotemporal characteristics and attenuation laws of the target's radiated magnetic field are comprehensively analyzed, which improves the solution efficiency and model accuracy of the comprehensive magnetic field. At the same time, it reveals the specific influence law of the target motion parameters on the comprehensive magnetic field, providing theoretical support for the high-precision modeling of underwater target magnetic detection.
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Key words:
- magnetic anomaly /
- wake magnetic /
- joint simulation /
- magnetic field modeling
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图 1 水下目标综合磁场联合仿真分析流程
Figure 1. Joint simulation analysis process of comprehensive magnetic field for underwater targets
图 2 水下目标等效旋转椭球体的几何模型图
Figure 2. Geometric model diagram of the equivalent rotating ellipsoid of the underwater target
图 3 水下目标运动过程中产生的尾流示意图
Figure 3. Schematic diagram of the wake generated during the movement of underwater target
图 4 飞机探测平面、路径及点的空间位置关系示意图
Figure 4. Schematic diagram of spatial location relationship between the detection plane, line and point
图 5 探测路径上的目标辐射磁场矢量场分布图
Figure 5. Vector field distribution of the target radiation magnetic field along the detection line
图 6 探测平面上的目标辐射磁场总场分布图
Figure 6. Total field distribution of the target radiation magnetic field on the detection plane
图 7 探测点上的目标综合磁场矢量场变化图
Figure 7. Variation diagram of the target integrated magnetic vector field at the detection point
图 8 探测路径上的目标综合磁场矢量场变化图
Figure 8. Variation diagram of the target integrated magnetic vector field along the detection line
表 1 水下目标和计算域参数设置
Table 1. Underwater target and computation domain parameters setting
名称 参数 总长/m 107.6 最大直径/m 12.2 外壳厚度/m 50 相对磁导率 200 计算域长度/m 1 000 海水电导率/(S·m−1) 4 海水相对磁导率 1 海水相对介电常数 80 
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表 2 不同航速时的目标综合磁场矢量场最大幅值
Table 2. Maximum magnitude of the target's comprehensive magnetic vector field at different sailing speeds
航行速度/kn $\max \left| {{B_x}} \right|$/nT $\max \left| {{B_y}} \right|$/nT $\max \left| {{B_{\textit{z}}}} \right|$/nT 22.0 74.58 18.90 18.07 21.5 63.43 12.88 18.07 21.0 54.69 8.20 18.07 20.5 48.44 4.88 18.07 20.0 44.37 2.73 18.07 19.5 41.99 1.48 18.07 19.0 40.74 0.84 18.07 18.5 40.30 0.55 18.07 18.0 40.25 0.47 18.07
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表 3 不同潜深时的目标综合磁场矢量场最大幅值
Table 3. Maximum magnitude of the target's comprehensive magnetic vector field at different diving depths
下潜深度/m $\max \left| {{B_x}} \right|$/nT $\max \left| {{B_y}} \right|$/nT $\max \left| {{B_{\textit{z}}}} \right|$/nT 80 87.70 16.23 28.54 85 70.88 10.30 25.44 90 59.16 6.45 22.60 95 50.81 4.23 20.16 100 44.37 2.73 18.06 105 39.40 1.75 16.23 110 35.52 1.20 14.71 115 32.29 0.81 13.29 120 29.60 0.65 12.04
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