Influence of Beam Angle of Array Sound Source on Sound Propagation in Typical Shallow Sea Environments
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摘要: 随着主动声呐技术的发展, 主动声呐的波束输出能力成为工程研究中的关注对象, 对于典型垂直线列阵声源, 研究其声信号波束角变化对声传播的影响很有必要。文中基于声场简正波理论推导了阵列声源的声场信号表达式, 发现声场信号主要受阵列声源在各阶模态的波束输出和接收深度上的模态幅度采样两者影响, 仿真结果表明, 波束声信号在接收深度上有明显的强弱分布结构, 且存在随声源深度增大最优波束角偏离0°越远的现象。文中基于推导的声场公式对现象机理进行了解释, 进而给出了典型浅海环境下不同声呐收发位置关系下的最优波束角设计建议, 为主动声呐声源波束设计研究及合理收发位置布设提供指导。Abstract: With the development of active sonar technology, the beam output capability of active sonar has become the focus of engineering research. It is necessary to study the influence of the sound beam angle on sound propagation for a typical vertical linear array sound source. Based on the theory of normal modes in acoustics, this paper derived the expression of the sound signal for an array sound source and discovered that the sound signal was mainly affected by the following two factors: the beam output of the array sound source at each modal mode and the modal amplitude sampling at the receiving depth. Simulation results show two phenomena: a clear differential distribution structure of the sound signal in the receiving depth and a deviation of the optimal beam angle from 0° as the sound source depth increases. The paper explains the mechanism of the two phenomena based on the derived sound field formula and gives design suggestions for the optimal beam angle under different sonar transmitting and receiving position relationships in typical shallow sea environments, providing a reference for the active sonar sound beam design research and providing ideas for the rational deployment of the transmitting and receiving positions.
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Key words:
- active sonar /
- array source /
- beam angle of sound source /
- shallow sea environment
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图 1 阵列声源输出指向性信号示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of directional signal output from array sound source
图 3 不同声源深度下传播损失随接收深度变化情况
Figure 3. The variation of propagation loss at different depths of sound sources in terms of receiving depths
图 4 不同接收深度下传播损失随声源深度变化情况
Figure 4. The variation of propagation loss with the depth of the sound source at different receiving depths
图 6 不同声源深度下阵列声源模态波束输出效果
Figure 6. Output effects of all modal beams of array sound source under different sound source depths
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