Study on the Effect of Explosive Power in water of Tandem Charge with Different Charge Mass Ratio
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摘要: 为了探究串联两装药前后级不同药量比对水下爆炸威力的影响, 基于水中冲击波经验公式对串联两装药水下爆炸冲击波冲量进行理论分析, 对不同药量比串联两装药的水下爆炸威力进行数值仿真计算, 对比分析了相同药量下不同药量比串联两装药和单装药水下爆炸输出冲量规律和对目标结构的毁伤效果, 同时开展了串联两装药对目标结构毁伤的缩比水箱试验。结果表明: 在总装药量为400 gTNT时, 串联两装药结构水下爆炸输出冲量及对靶板作用效果明显优于单级装药, 且串联两装药水中爆炸威力随着前后级药量比η的增加而增大, 且当η为1∶1时冲量增益和靶板变形挠度最大, 冲量增益提高了27.43%, 靶板变形挠度提高了23.58%。小药量缩比试验结果与理论分析、数值仿真结果有较好的一致性。Abstract: In order to explore the influence of different charge mass ratios of tandem charges on the power of underwater explosion, theoretical analysis was carried out according to the empirical formula of underwater shock wave, and the underwater explosion power of different charge mass ratios of tandem charges is numerically simulated. Under the same charge mass condition, the impulse of explosion output and the damage effect on the target structure are compared and analyzed with different charge mass ratio of tandem charges and single charge. The results showed that the total charge was 400 g TNT, the underwater explosive power of tandem charges structure is obviously better than that of single charge, and the explosive power of tandem charges structure increases with the increase of the charge ratio.When the charge mass ratio ratio η was 1∶1, the impulse gain and the deflection of the target plate are the largest, the impulse gain was increased by 27.43% and the deflection of the target plate was increased by 23.58%. The experimental results of small charge showed good agreement with the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation results.
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Key words:
- underwater explosion /
- tandem charge /
- charge mass ratio /
- target damage
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表 1 TNT炸药状态方程参数
Table 1. Equation of state parameters for TNT
ρ/(g/cm3) A/kPa B/kPa R1 R2 1.63 3.73×108 3.747×106 4.15 0.9 ω D/(m/s) E/(kJ/m3) PCJ/kPa 0.35 6 930 6.0×106 2.10×107 表 2 水的状态方程参数
Table 2. Equation of state parameters for water
ρ/(g/cm3) A1/kPa A2/kPa A3/kPa 1 2.2×106 9.54×106 1.457×107 B0 B1 T1/kPa T2/kPa 0.28 0.28 2.2×106 0 表 3 Q235材料参数[14]
Table 3. Material parameters of Q235
ρ(g/cm3) G/GPa A/MPa B/MPa 7.85 789 265 450 n C m Tm/K 0.565 0.67 0 1 793 表 4 冲击波峰值压力计算结果
Table 4. Calculation results of shock wave peak pressure
距爆心的距离/mm 300 400 500 600 700 一维数值计算/MPa 168.59 109.93 79.24 60.88 48.89 二维数值计算/MPa 168.87 109.07 79.68 61.74 50.22 误差/% 0.17 0.78 0.56 1.41 2.72 经验公式解/MPa 169.74 110.25 81.21 66.08 55.52 一维数值计算/MPa 168.59 109.93 79.24 60.88 48.89 误差/% 0.68 0.29 2.43 7.87 11.94 表 5 不同药量比串联装药预估模型和数值仿真冲量对比
Table 5. Comparison of tandem charge prediction model and numerical simulation impulse for different charge ratio
η 预估模型/(N∙s) 数值仿真/(N∙s) 误差/% 0∶400 11 922 11 646 2.32 40∶360 13 456 13 041 3.08 80∶320 13 821 13 485 2.43 100∶300 14 048 13 665 2.73 120∶280 14 232 13 887 2.42 160∶240 14 565 14 281 1.95 200∶200 15 048 14 841 1.38 表 6 不同前后级装药量下数值仿真输出的冲量增益
Table 6. Impulse gain of numerical simulation output at different front and rear charge levels
η I/(N∙s) Δ=[(Iη−I400)/I400] 0∶400 11 646 0 40∶360 13 041 11.98% 80∶320 13 485 15.79% 100∶300 13 665 17.34% 120∶280 13 887 19.24% 160∶240 14 281 22.63% 200∶200 14 841 27.43% 表 7 数值仿真中靶板变形结果
Table 7. Deformation results of target plate in numerical simulation
工况 前级装
药量/g后级装
药量/g爆距
/mm一次爆炸加
载挠度/mm二次爆炸加
载挠度/mm中心挠度
增量/mmS-1 400 300 296.79 — — S-2 40 360 112.98 311.55 198.57 S-3 80 320 152.44 324.58 172.14 S-4 100 300 168.35 330.99 162.64 S-5 120 280 181.54 339.37 157.83 S-6 160 240 203.01 354.05 151.04 S-7 200 200 223.02 366.77 143.75 表 8 试验工况
Table 8. Test condition
试验工况 装药类型 爆距/mm 前级装药量/g 后级装药量/g E-1 单装药 300 20 E-2 串联两装药 5 15 E-3 15 5 E-4 10 10 表 9 钢板挠度试验值与仿真值对比
Table 9. Comparison of test and simulation values of deflection of steel plate
工况 E-1 E-2 E-3 E-4 试验值/mm 17.70 19.90 18.80 22.50 仿真值/mm 16.79 20.36 17.36 22.53 误差/% 5.14 2.31 7.66 0.13 -
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