基于超材料的水声通信综述

周萍; 贾晗; 杨军

doi:10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2024-0103

基于超材料的水声通信综述

doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2024-0103

周萍^{1, 2,},
贾晗^{2, 3,},
杨军^{1, 3,}

1.
中国科学院大学电子电气与通信工程学院, 北京, 100049
2.
中国科学院声学研究所噪声与振动重点实验室, 北京, 100190
3.
中国科学院声学研究所声学国家重点实验室, 北京 100190

详细信息

作者简介:
周萍：周　萍(1996-), 女, 在读博士, 主要研究方向为基于超材料的水下声学器件设计

中图分类号: TJ6; U675.7
计量
- 文章访问数: 240
- HTML全文浏览量: 60
- PDF下载量: 87
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-06-01
- 修回日期: 2024-07-06
- 录用日期: 2024-07-08
- 网络出版日期: 2024-07-18

Review of Underwater Acoustic Communication Based on Metamaterials

ZHOU Ping^{1, 2
,},
JIA Han^{2, 3
,},
YANG Jun^{1, 3
,}

1.
School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Noise and Vibration Research, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
3.
State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

摘要

摘要: 近年来, 声学超材料作为一种新型人工复合材料, 凭借其强大的声学参数调控能力突破传统材料功能极限, 在水下探测、目标识别、成像、导航和通信等领域展现出了广阔的应用前景。文章综述了利用超材料实现水声通信的研究进展, 主要包括基于声轨道角动量的多路复用通信、基于声学超表面的波束操控实现的特定发射和接收端间的水声通信, 以及水-空跨介质声通信, 总结了其所涉及的关键技术, 并对当前基于超材料的水声通信所面临的挑战和前景进行了展望。
- 水声通信 /
- 声学超材料 /
- 轨道角动量 /
- 多路复用 /
- 波束操控 /
- 水-空跨介质
Abstract: In recent years, acoustic metamaterials, as a sort of novel artificial composite materials, have demonstrated the ability to surpass the limitations of traditional materials through their exceptional acoustic parameter manipulation capabilities. Thus, acoustic metamaterials have shown promising applications in numerous areas such as underwater detection, underwater target identification, acoustic imaging, navigation, and underwater communication. The advancements in metamaterial-based underwater acoustic communication were reviewed, focusing primarily on multiplex communication based on acoustic orbital angular momentum, underwater acoustic communication between specific transmitter and receiver based on beam steering of acoustic metasurface, and water-air trans-medium acoustic communication. The key technologies were summarized, and the current challenges and future prospects of metamaterial-based underwater acoustic communication were outlined.
- acoustic communication /
- acoustic metamaterials /
- orbital angular momentum /
- multiplex /
- beam steering /
- water-air trans-medium

HTML全文

图 1 常见声通信技术

Figure 1. Common acoustic communication technologies

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图 2 基于五模材料超表面的OAM复用声通信传输与编解码原理

Figure 2. Transmission, encoding and decoding principle of OAM multiplexed acoustic communication using pentamode material metasurface

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图 3 基于波束操控的水声通信应用场景

Figure 3. Scenarios of underwater acoustic communication application based on beam steering

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图 4 基于Snell定律和广义Snell定律的反射和透射示意图

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of reflection and transmission based on Snell's Law and generalized Snell's Law

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图 5 基于阻抗匹配层的水-空声通信示意图

Figure 5. Schematic diagram of water-air acoustic communication based on impedance matching layer

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图 6 基于频分复用的水-空跨介质声通信

Figure 6. Water-air trans-medium acoustic communication based on frequency division multiplexing method

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表 1 OAM多路复用声通信实现情况

Table 1. Implementation of OAM multiplexed acoustic communication

研究团队	OAM生成方式	解码方式	复用自由度	频率/Hz	传输速率/(bit/s)
加州大学伯克利分校^[16]	64个换能器	34个传声器扫场, 内积算法	OAM	16 000	8.0±0.4
南京大学^[17]	8个环能器	单传声器测量, 共振结构	OAM, 相位, 幅值	2 287	114
南京大学^[18]	10个换能器	单传声器测量, 共振结构	OAM	3 430	686
南京大学^[19]	碳纳米管热声换能器	单传声器测量, 傅里叶变换	OAM	6 000	228.7
中国科学院声学研究所^[20]	五模材料	单传声器测量, 五模材料	OAM, 相位, 幅值	7 100	710
华中科技大学^[21]	128个换能器	128个传声器扫场, 内积算法	OAM	2 000 000	8

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表 2 水-空跨介质声传输实现情况

Table 2. Implementation of water-air trans-medium acoustic communication

研究团队	结构	频率/HZ	透射声能量增强/dB	厚度/mm	验证方式
延世大学^[35]	薄膜共振结构	700(可调)	24.7	4.8	声透射测试
中国科学院化学研究所^[36]	疏水材料局域气泡得到的共振结构	273 (可调)	23	5.1	声透射测试, 音乐信号传输
中国科学院化学研究所^[37]	疏水铝片表面附着气泡得到的共振结构	9 ×10³ (可调)	25	20×10⁻⁶	声透射测试
南京大学^[38]	环氧树脂中嵌入空气通道得到的共振结构	8 ×10³(可调)	25	37.25	远场声聚焦测试, 涡旋声束生成
天津大学^[39]	拓扑优化得到的共振结构	10.5 ×10³ (可调)	25.9	11.4	声透射测试, 声聚焦, 涡旋声束生成
中科院声学所^[40]	宽频声学超材料	880~1 760 (可拓展)	平均16.7	336	声透射测试, 图像传输, 去除水下混响噪声

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