Analysis of attenuation characteristics of polar VLF electromagnetic wave propagation across ice
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摘要: 随着极地科学考察和资源勘探活动的增加, 极地海冰环境中的通信探测设备得到了广泛应用。甚低频(VLF)电磁波由于其能够穿透海水的特性, 成为在极地环境下进行跨介质通信的可靠方法。本文针对极地甚低频电磁波在跨冰层传播中的问题, 建立了基于传输矩阵的多层介质传播模型。通过二端口网络等效电路方法, 研究了甚低频电磁波在空气-冰层-海水中的衰减特性以及入射角度的影响。通过结合仿真模拟和实地实验数据, 首次量化了在冰层中的甚低频电磁波的场强衰减规律, 揭示了每米冰层厚度衰减不足1 dB的重要发现。评估了海冰对极地VLF通信的影响, 结果表明海冰对VLF电磁波的损耗较小, 不是影响VLF通信的主要因素。Abstract: With the increase of polar scientific exploration and resource exploration, communication detection equipment in polar sea ice environment has been widely used. Very low frequency(VLF) electromagnetic wave is a reliable method for cross-medium communication in polar environment due to its ability to penetrate seawater. In order to solve the problem of polar VLF electromagnetic wave propagation across ice layer, a multilayer dielectric propagation model based on transmission matrix is established in this paper. The attenuation characteristics of very low frequency electromagnetic wave in air-ice-seawater and the influence of incident Angle are studied by using two-port network equivalent circuit method. Through the combination of simulation and field experiment data, the attenuation law of VLF electromagnetic wave field intensity in ice layer is accurately quantified for the first time, revealing the important discovery that the attenuation of ice layer thickness is less than 1 dB per meter. The effect of sea ice on VLF communication in polar regions is evaluated. The results show that sea ice has less loss on VLF electromagnetic wave and is not the main factor affecting VLF communication.
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表 1 仿真参数
Table 1. Ssimulation parameters
介质 $\mu $ $\sigma $/(S/m) $\varepsilon $ 厚度/m 空气 1 1 1 无限大 冰层 1 0.03~ 0.0003 3~9 1~5 海水 1 2.5~3.33 81 无限大 -
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