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舰艇复合结构在冲击防护中的研究进展

张涛 孙庆贞 张磊 李香梅

张涛, 孙庆贞, 张磊, 等. 舰艇复合结构在冲击防护中的研究进展[J]. 水下无人系统学报, xxxx, x(x): x-xx doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2024-0072
引用本文: 张涛, 孙庆贞, 张磊, 等. 舰艇复合结构在冲击防护中的研究进展[J]. 水下无人系统学报, xxxx, x(x): x-xx doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2024-0072
ZHANG Tao, SUN QingZhen, ZHANG Lei, LI XiangMei. Current status of structural research in impact protection of naval structures[J]. Journal of Unmanned Undersea Systems. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2024-0072
Citation: ZHANG Tao, SUN QingZhen, ZHANG Lei, LI XiangMei. Current status of structural research in impact protection of naval structures[J]. Journal of Unmanned Undersea Systems. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2024-0072

舰艇复合结构在冲击防护中的研究进展

doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2024-0072
基金项目: 武警海警学院学院校级项目.
详细信息
    作者简介:

    张涛:张 涛(1992—), 男, 硕士研究生, 研究方向: 仿生设计理论及制造; 船舶结构设计

  • 中图分类号: U671.99

Current status of structural research in impact protection of naval structures

  • 摘要: 随着现代海战威胁的日益复杂化, 舰艇的结构防护成为提升生存能力和战斗效能的关键。本文综述了舰艇冲击防护结构的研究进展, 特别是从传统均质防护结构向多层复合防护结构的演变。面对现代化高能量攻击, 如导弹和鱼雷, 传统的坚固钢板和合金材料已难以满足防护需求, 促使研究者转向复合材料及其夹层结构。通过采用陶瓷、金属、纤维增强材料和聚合物, 结合梯度设计、嵌入式设计、点阵结构和夹层技术等先进设计理念, 不仅实现了更优的抗冲击性能, 也实现了结构轻量化。文章还讨论了材料界面结合强度、结构复杂度及制造难度等挑战, 并指出极端冲击条件下层间结合不良可能导致材料层分离或破裂, 削弱防护效能。未来研究应聚焦于纳米材料、高分子材料和智能材料的开发, 以及多功能集成设计的实现, 强化防护结构的隐身、防探测和主动防御功能。同时, 强调仿真技术在设计优化和性能预测中的核心作用, 以及增材制造和激光加工技术在提高生产效率和产品质量中的潜力, 通过技术创新和材料研发有效提升复合防护结构的综合性能, 满足现代军事和民用领域对高性能防护材料的需求。

     

  • 图  1  传统冲击防护结构

    Figure  1.  Traditional impact protection structure

    图  2  传统多层复合防护结构

    (a)铝合金/陶瓷/钛合金/凯夫拉/钛合金[13]; (b)陶瓷/纤维增强材料[14]; (c)SiC陶瓷/UHMWPE纤维板[15]

    图  3  不同形式的复合防护结构

    (a)梯度陶瓷复合结构; (b)三种镶嵌复合结构; (c)泡沫吸能复合结构; (d)预置预应力复合结构

    Figure  3.  Different forms of composite protective structures

    (a) graded ceramic composite structure; (b) Three Mosaic composite structures; (c) foam energy-absorbing composite structure; (d) Prestressed composite structures

    图  4  点阵夹芯冲击防护结构

    (a)受甲虫翅启发的点阵夹芯结构[37]; (b)不同点阵结构的夹层板[38]; (c)圆柱形点阵夹层结构[39]; (d)功能梯度结构点阵夹层面板[40]

    Figure  4.  Impact protection structure of the lattice sandwich

    (a) Lattice sandwich structures inspired by beetle wings; (b) Sandwich panels of different lattice structures; (c) Cylindrical lattice sandwich structure; (d) Functional gradient structure lattice sandwich panel

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  • 收稿日期:  2024-04-16
  • 修回日期:  2024-07-09
  • 录用日期:  2024-07-24
  • 网络出版日期:  2024-09-10

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