Study on Hybrid Energy Storage Control Method for Wave Energy Power Supply System in Comprehensive Observation Buoys
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摘要: 波浪能是一种持续性好、分布范围广的绿色可再生能源, 可以为综合观测浮标持续性供电, 但波浪变化速度较快, 能量峰均比较高, 需要通过混合储能系统平滑其能量波动, 以便可靠地向电力负载供电。混合储能系统需要兼顾功率密度和能量密度特性, 能量管理策略对于充分利用不同器件的特性, 延长系统的寿命至关重要。文中重点研究了波浪能供电中储能系统能量分配和功率控制方法, 提出了一种基于深度确定性策略梯度(DDPG)的混合储能系统功率分配和控制策略, 旨在保持母线的稳定并充分发挥蓄电池与超级电容两种储能技术的优势。仿真和实物模拟实验证明了所提策略可以显著提高波浪能供电系统的稳定性, 蓄电池充放电功率峰值大幅降低, 母线电压纹波被控制在1.6%以下。Abstract: Wave energy is a widely distributed green renewable energy source capable of providing continuous electrical power to comprehensive observation buoys. However, its rapid fluctuations and high peak-to-average ratio require hybrid energy storage systems to smooth out its energy fluctuations for reliable electrical load supply. These hybrid energy storage systems need to balance power and energy density characteristics, requiring energy management strategies to fully utilize device characteristics and extend system lifespan. This paper focuses on studying energy distribution and power control methods in wave energy supply, proposing a hybrid energy storage system power-sharing control strategy based on Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) to maintain bus stability and leverage the advantages of two energy storage technologies. Simulation and physical experiments demonstrate that this strategy significantly enhances system stability, reduces peak battery charge/discharge power, and keeps bus voltage ripple below 1.6%.
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Key words:
- integrated observation buoys /
- wave energy /
- battery /
- supercapacitors /
- ddpg
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图 1 波浪能供电系统总体结构图
Figure 1. Overall structure diagram of wave energy power supply system
图 15 基于双环PI和外环ADRC控制下母线电压曲线
Figure 15. The bus voltage curve controlled based on double-loop PI and outer loop ADRC
图 18 变转矩输入下母线输入功率与电压曲线
Figure 18. Bus input power and voltage curve under variable torque
图 19 变转矩输入下储能系统各部分功率曲线
Figure 19. Power curves of energy storage system components under variable torque input
表 1 参数列表
Table 1. Parameters of flexible intercepting net
名称 参数 单位 变流器功率电感 1 mH 变流器滤波电容 1 000 uF 开关频率 20 kHz 蓄电池额定电压 24 V 蓄电池容量 10 Ah 超级电容额定电压 48 V 超级电容容量 10 F 
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