Research on the method of torpedo powerhouse segment vibration damping based on acoustic metamaterials
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摘要: 鱼雷声隐身性能直接影响发射平台的安全性、鱼雷攻击的隐蔽性及线导导引的有效性。目前广泛采用的减振降噪手段在控制鱼雷中低频振动方面效果不佳, 为解决这一问题, 本研究针对鱼雷动力舱段展开了声学超材料减振方法研究。首先, 对动力舱段在轴向激励下的振动响应特性进行分析, 设计了悬臂梁局域共振单元结构, 并对该结构的带隙特性及减振效果进行分析。其次, 针对动力舱段支承结构, 提出基于声学超材料的减振方案。仿真分析发现, 声学超材料在相应带隙范围内对振动具有显著的衰减效果, 某些测点的衰减量高达11.95 dB。最后, 通过试验验证了声学超材料减振方案的有效性, 为解决鱼雷动力舱段中低频振动问题提供思路。Abstract: The acoustic stealth performance of torpedoes directly affects the safety of the launching platform, the concealment of the torpedo attack, and the effectiveness of wire-guided guidance. However, the current widely adopted vibration and noise reduction means are ineffective in controlling the low and medium frequency vibration of torpedoes. In order to solve this problem, the present study is carried out to investigate the vibration damping method of acoustic metamaterials for the torpedo powerhouse section. Firstly, the vibration response characteristics of the power module under axial excitation are analysed, and a cantilever beam local resonance unit structure is designed, and the bandgap characteristics and vibration damping effect of the structure are systematically and deeply analysed. Then, for the supporting structure of the power section, a vibration reduction scheme based on acoustic metamaterials is proposed, and it is found that acoustic metamaterials have a significant attenuation effect on vibration within the corresponding bandgap, and the attenuation of some measurement points can be as high as 11.95 dB. Finally, the validity of the acoustic metamaterials damping scheme is verified through tests, which provides a idea for solving the low-frequency vibration problem in the power section of the torpedo.
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Key words:
- Power segment /
- acoustic metamaterials /
- vibration and noise reduction
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图 2 激励点与测点位置示意图
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the location of the excitation point and the measurement point
图 4 超材料单胞结构示意图
Figure 4. Schematic diagram of the structure of a single cell of metamaterials
图 5 悬臂梁局域共振单元能带结构图
Figure 5. Energy band structure of the local resonance unit of the cantilever beam
图 8 各测点振动加速度响应对比
Figure 8. Comparison of vibration acceleration response at each measurement point
图 13 壳体测点加速度响应对比
Figure 13. Comparison of acceleration response of shell measurement points
表 1 动力舱段材料参数
Table 1. Material parameters of the power module section
结构 材料 密度/(kg/m3) 弹性模量/GPa 泊松比 壳体 铝合金 2 720 70.0 0.33 前支承
后支承铝合金 2 810 71.7 0.33 
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表 2 局域共振单元材料参数
Table 2. Material parameters of the localized resonance unit
材料 密度/(Kg/m3) 弹性模量/GPa 泊松比 铝合金 2 720 70.0 0.330 有机树脂 1 153 2.1 0.400 铅 11 300 40.8 0.369
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表 3 0-1 500 Hz内各测点加速度总振级
Table 3. Total acceleration level for each measurement point within 0-1 500 Hz
测点位置 原支承/(dB) 声学超材料支承/(dB) 总衰减量/(dB) P1(x) 104.04 99.74 4.30 P2(x) 106.20 103.30 2.90 P3(x) 91.06 85.46 5.60 P4(x) 92.28 84.02 8.26 P5(y) 79.31 76.18 3.13 P6(y) 82.82 76.24 6.58 P7(y) 78.01 71.61 6.40
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表 4 0-1 500 Hz内各测点加速度总振级
Table 4. Total acceleration level for each response point within 0-1 500 Hz
测点位置 原支承/(dB) 声学超材料支承/(dB) 总衰减量/(dB) CH1 62.13 59.62 2.51 CH2 61.07 58.07 3.00 CH3 55.99 53.28 2.71 CH4 53.63 50.76 2.87 CH5 45.89 45.08 0.81 CH6 44.36 42.20 2.16 CH7 42.44 39.86 2.58
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