Theories and Experiments of Torpedo Shaped Charge Warhead Penetration Into Water-partitioned Armor
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摘要: 为了合理预测鱼雷聚能战斗部对含水复合装甲的侵彻威力, 基于A-T模型和两阶段孔径增长理论, 并结合基于虚拟原点理论的侵彻体侵彻过程分析, 提出了对含水复合装甲侵彻深度和穿孔直径的理论模型, 其中侵彻体断裂模型由郑哲敏提出的断裂时间公式描述。开展了缩比鱼雷聚能战斗部侵彻含水复合装甲试验研究, 其中鱼雷头段分别采用单层铝板和累计一定厚度的间隔铝板模拟, 同步开展侵彻威力数值仿真。理论计算中, 聚能侵彻体成型参数通过数值仿真获取并作为输入, 对理论计算、仿真和试验结果进行了对比分析, 验证了理论模型的合理性。理论计算可快速输出计算结果, 相关研究可以为鱼雷聚能战斗部威力快速预测、优化设计以及针对潜艇防护结构尺寸及参数特性的大威力新型聚能战斗部技术研究提供支撑。Abstract: In order to reasonably predict the penetration power of torpedo shaped charge warhead into water-partitioned armor, a theoretical model for calculating the generated penetration depth and cavity diameters was proposed based on the A-T model and the two-step mechanism of cavity growth, in which the penetrator penetration process was analyzed based on the virtual origin theory. The break-up model of the penetrator was described by the break-up time formula proposed by Zheng Zhe-min. The experiments and simulations for the reduced-scale torpedo shaped charge warhead penetration into water-partitioned armor targets were conducted, in which the single-layer aluminum plate and the spaced aluminum plates with a certain cumulative thickness were used to simulate the torpedo heads. The forming parameters of the penetrator were obtained by numerical simulation to be the input of the theoretical calculations to predict the penetration results. Calculations, simulations and experimental results were then compared and analyzed, which verified the rationality of the theoretical model. The current theories can output the calculation results quickly. The research can provide a support for the predictions of the penetration powder and the optimization design of the torpedo shaped charge warhead, as well as the technical research of the new powerful torpedo shaped charge warhead to more effectively destroy the submarine protective structure.
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Key words:
- torpedo /
- shaped charge warhead /
- water-partitioned armor /
- theoretical calculation /
- penetration power
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图 1 射流两阶段孔径增长受力示意图
Figure 1. The schematic diagram of the two-step mechanism of cavity growth
图 3 缩比鱼雷聚能战斗部及药型罩实物照片
Figure 3. Photograph of the scaling torpedo shaped charge warhead and the liner
图 4 静爆威力试验原理图
Figure 4. Schematic diagram of the depth of penetration(DOP) experimental setup
图 7 聚能侵彻体成型参数选取
Figure 7. The selections of the forming parameters of the shaped charge penetrator
图 8 缩比鱼雷聚能战斗部侵彻含水复合装甲仿真结果
Figure 8. Simulation results of the scaling torpedo shaped charge warhead into water-partitioned armor
图 10 聚能侵彻体在侵彻路径上速度变化理论计算和数值仿真对比
Figure 10. Comparisons between the calculations and simulations of the velocity reduction of the penetrator on the penetration path
表 1 不同材料模型参数比较
Table 1. Model parameters of the six materials
DNAN基高能炸药 紫铜 2A12铝 45钢 水 空气 参数 数值 参数 数值 参数 数值 参数 数值 参数 数值 参数 数值 ρ/(g/cm3) 1.73 ρ/(g/cm3) 8.96 ρ/(g/cm3) 2.77 ρ/(g/cm3) 7.89 ρ/(g/cm3) 1 C0 0 D/(m/s) 7980 G/GPa 46 G/GPa 25.9 G/GPa 77 γ 0.28 C1 10−5 P/GPa 29.7 A/GPa 0.09 A/GPa 0.265 A/GPa 0.507 C/(m/s) 1 483 C2 0 A/GPa 588.3 B/GPa 0.292 B/GPa 0.426 B/GPa 0.32 S1 1.75 C3 0 B/GPa 12.9 n 0.31 n 0.34 n 0.28 C4 0.4 R1 4.38 C 0.025 C 0.015 C 0.064 C5 0.4 R2 1.2 m 1.09 m 1 m 1.06 C6 0 ω 0.36 Tm/K 1356 Tm/K 775 Tm/K 1 795 Tr/K 300 Tr/K 294 Tr/K 298 
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表 2 聚能侵彻体成型参数
Table 2. The forming parameters of the shaped charge penetrator
位置距坐标原点距离/(mm) 速度
/(m/s)直径
/(mm)1 280.2 3 254 6.49 2 267.9 3 245 10.91 3 256.0 3 108 11.83 4 244.3 2 894 13.10 5 229.6 2 608 15.00 6 217.9 2 350 18.15 7 206.2 1 985 26.72 8 194.3 1 573 23.02 9 179.7 1 358 22.17 10 165.1 1 354 6.21
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表 3 理论计算、仿真与试验结果的比较
Table 3. Comparisons of the calculations, simulations and the experiments
项目 方法 耐压壳模拟靶 总体侵彻深度 后效靶1 后效靶2 后效靶3 项目一 试验 φ41.3 814 φ62.3 φ58.7 φ9.9 计算 φ36.2(12.4%) 822(1.0%) Ø35.9(42.4%) Ø35.6(39.4%) φ35.2(11.8%) 仿真 φ44.5(7.7%) 797(2.1%) φ54.3(12.8%) φ50.4(14.1%) — 项目二 试验 φ27.3 976 φ35.3 φ29.6 φ32.3 计算 φ30.0(9.9%) 969(0.7%) φ29.7(15.9%) φ29.4(0.7%) φ29.1(9.9%) 仿真 φ32.1(17.6%) 947(3.0%) φ40.1(13.6%) φ34.3(15.9%) —
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