Underwater Potential Characteristics of Static Electric Field Related to Ship Corrosion
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摘要: 为深入分析舰船静电场信号特征, 在船模试验和海上平面电位测量阵列实测数据的基础上, 对舰船腐蚀相关静态电场水下电位特征进行研究。首先根据船模试验分析了阴极保护系统工作下的舰船静电场信号特征, 发现阴极保护系统对静电场信号的量级影响较大; 其次对海上实测数据获得的典型舰船水下电位信号进行时域和频域上的分析, 结果表明, 静电场能量主要集中在0~0.1 Hz频段内; 最后根据水下电位分布规律, 发现以12 dB作为检测门限时, 在240 m以浅深度, 相邻传感器之间的距离不大于320 m时, 传感器阵列才能准确探测水面等效源强度为10 A·m的舰船电场。Abstract: In order to deeply analyze the characteristics of the ship’s static electric field signals, the underwater potential characteristics of static electric field related to ship corrosion were studied based on the ship model test and the measured data of the planar potential measurement array at sea. Firstly, based on the ship model test, the characteristics of the ship’s static electric field signals under the cathodic protection system were analyzed, and it was found that the cathodic protection system had a great influence on the magnitude of static electric field signals. Secondly, the time domain and frequency domain of underwater potential signals of typical ships obtained from the measured data at sea were analyzed. The results show that the static electric field energy is mainly concentrated in the frequency band of 0-0.1 Hz. Finally, according to the distribution rule of underwater potential, it is found that when 12 dB is taken as the detection threshold, and the distance between adjacent sensors is no more than 320 m at a shallow depth of 240 m, the sensor array can accurately detect the ship’s electric field with a surface equivalent source intensity of 10 A·m.
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图 1 “船体-通海阀”产生的水下电位信号
Figure 1. Underwater potential signal generated by hull-access valve
图 3 缩比模型通过电场测量阵列的现场照片
Figure 3. Field photos of scale model passing through electric field measurement array
图 4 深度41.7 cm平面不同阴极保护状态条件下水下电位信号
Figure 4. Underwater potential signals under different cathodic protection conditions at a depth of 41.7 cm
图 5 不同深度平面的水下电位信号(牺牲阳极阴极保护状态)
Figure 5. Underwater potential signals at different plane depths(sacrificial anode and cathode protection state)
图 6 海洋环境电位分布(4级海况)
Figure 6. marine environmental potential distribution(level 4 sea state)
图 7 海洋环境电位频谱及累计能量占比(4级海况)
Figure 7. Spectrum and cumulative energy proportion of marine environmental potential(level 4 sea state)
图 9 典型目标水下电位峰-峰值变化曲线
Figure 9. Underwater peak-to-peak potential curves of typical targets
图 11 不同频段内累计能量与总能量比值
Figure 11. Ratio of cumulative energy to total energy in different frequency bands
图 12 10 A·m的水平电偶极子电位幅度值随深度变化曲线
Figure 12. Variation of the potential amplitude of 10 A·m horizontal electric dipole with depth
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