基于随机森林的水下声自导武器尺度目标识别特征寻优

邓剑晶; 石磊; 王晨宇; 刘礼文; 杨向锋; 杨云川

doi:10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2022-0081

基于随机森林的水下声自导武器尺度目标识别特征寻优

doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2022-0081

邓剑晶^{1, 2,},
石磊^{1, 2},
王晨宇^{1, 2},
刘礼文^{1, 2},
杨向锋^{1, 2},
杨云川^{1, 2}

1.
中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇五研究所, 陕西西安, 710077
2.
水下信息与控制重点实验室, 陕西西安, 710077

详细信息

作者简介:
邓剑晶(1996-), 男, 工程师, 主要研究方向为鱼雷目标识别及反对抗技术研究

中图分类号: TJ630; U666.75
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- 文章访问数: 115
- HTML全文浏览量: 85
- PDF下载量: 35
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-04-29
- 修回日期: 2023-05-29
- 录用日期: 2023-06-12
- 网络出版日期: 2024-09-03

Feature Selection of Scale Target Recognition by Underwater Acoustic Homing Weapons Based on Random Forest

DENG Jianjing^{1, 2
,},
SHI Lei^{1, 2},
WANG Chenyu^{1, 2},
LIU Liwen^{1, 2},
YANG Xiangfeng^{1, 2},
YANG Yunchuan^{1, 2}

1.
The 705 Research Institute, China State Shipbuilding Corporation Industry, Xi’an 710077, China
2.
Science and Technology on Underwater Information and Control Laboratory, Xi’an 710077, China

摘要

摘要: 水下声自导武器在进行水下尺度目标识别时, 通常需要从水下目标回波中提取不同维度特征, 并将其进行组合形成互补的特征集合以提高识别率。然而, 由于特征的应用场景不同, 将所有特征全部引入会导致特征集维度较高, 特征之间可能包含冗余信息, 导致识别难度增加。文中针对水下声自导武器主动识别问题中特征集维度高、需要进行选择的问题, 提出了一种基于随机森林的特征寻优算法。同时, 针对水下声自导武器主动回波数据量少且种类不平衡的问题, 在特征域采用合成少数类过采样技术。利用实航数据将文中方法选择的特征子集输入分类器进行测试, 结果表明, 该方法可获得较好的特征子集, 能够有效提高识别率。
- 水下声自导武器 /
- 随机森林 /
- 水下尺度目标识别 /
- 特征寻优
Abstract: When underwater acoustic homing weapons identify underwater scale targets, it is necessary to extract different dimensional features from underwater target echoes and combine the features to form a complementary feature set to improve the recognition accuracy. However, due to the different application scenarios of different features, introducing all features leads to a high dimension of the feature set and may contain redundant information among each other, which will increase the difficulty of recognition. In the active recognition problem of underwater acoustic homing weapons, the feature set has a high dimension and needs to be selected. To solve these problems, a feature selection algorithm based on random forest(RF)was proposed in this paper. At the same time, to solve the problem of small amounts and unbalanced types of active echo data of underwater acoustic homing weapons, the synthetic minority oversampling technique was adopted in the feature domain. The feature subsets selected by the proposed method were put into the classifiers for testing by using real data. The results show that the proposed method can obtain better feature subsets and effectively improve the recognition accuracy.
- underwater acoustic homing weapons /
- random forest /
- recognition of underwater scale target /
- feature selection

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图 1 SMOTE算法示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of SMOTE algorithm

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图 2 基于RF的特征寻优流程

Figure 2. Based on RF feature selection process

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图 3 目标识别流程

Figure 3. Flow chart of target recognition

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图 4 主动回波时域仿真图

Figure 4. Simulation diagram of active echo time-domain

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图 5 尺度声诱饵匹配滤波检测结果

Figure 5. Matched filter result of scale acoustic decoy

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图 6 潜艇匹配滤波检测结果

Figure 6. Matched filter result of submarine

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图 7 SMOTE过采样PCA降维可视化结果

Figure 7. SMOTE oversampling PCA dimensionality reduction visualization results

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图 8 特征重要度排序

Figure 8. Feature importance ranking

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图 9 基于KNN和SVM的识别精度

Figure 9. Recognition accuracy based on KNN and SVM

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图 10 基于KNN和SVM的F1值

Figure 10. F1 value based on KNN and SVM

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表 1 二分类混淆矩阵

Table 1. Two-class confusion matrix

真实情况	预测结果
真实情况	正例	反例
正例	$ TP $(真正例)	$ FN $(假反例)
反例	$ FP $(假正例)	$ TN $(真反例)

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表 2 KNN分类结果

Table 2. Classification results of KNN

评价指标	原始数据集	扩容数据集	均值变化量
ACC	0.965±0.023	0.975±0.018	0.010
AUC	0.932±0.035	0.989±0.024	0.057
F1	0.843±0.118	0.976±0.018	0.133

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表 3 SVM分类结果

Table 3. Classification results of SVM

评价指标	原始数据集	扩容数据集	均值变化量
ACC	0.965±0.026	0.967±0.026	0.002
AUC	0.941±0.041	0.999±0.001	0.058
F1	0.848±0.128	0.963±0.028	0.115

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表 4 基于KNN的ROC曲线下面积

Table 4. Area under ROC curve based on KNN

特征数量	均值	标准差
1	0.9 991	0.0 001
2	0.9 986	0.0 021
3	0.9 980	0.0 002
4	0.9 963	0.0 032
5	0.9 962	0.0 031
6	0.9 988	0.0 011
7	0.9 938	0.0 037
8	0.9 933	0.0 035
9	0.9 886	0.0 164
10	0.9 898	0.0 170
11	0.9 911	0.0 172
12	0.9 887	0.0 167

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表 5 基于SVM的ROC曲线下面积

Table 5. Area under ROC curve based on SVM

特征数量	均值	标准差
1	0.9 959	0.0 040
2	0.9 954	0.0 042
3	0.9 951	0.0 048
4	0.9 953	0.0 045
5	0.9 993	0.0 006
6	0.9 996	0.0 002
7	0.9 995	0.0 001
8	0.9 997	0.0 002
9	0.9 997	0.0 002
10	0.9 997	0.0 001
11	0.9 998	0.0 001
12	0.9 998	0.0 001

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