航行器水面滑行流场特性数值仿真

刘富强; 孙元; 王广平; 王雪峰

doi:10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.202107003

航行器水面滑行流场特性数值仿真

doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.202107003

中国船舶集团有限公司第705研究所, 陕西西安, 710077

详细信息

作者简介:
刘富强(1995-), 男, 硕士, 助理工程师, 主要研究方向为水下航行器研究与设计及水下航行器回收技术

中图分类号: TJ630.1; U661.1
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- 文章访问数: 267
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- PDF下载量: 28
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-07-07
- 修回日期: 2021-10-11
- 网络出版日期: 2022-09-06

Numerical Simulation on Flow Field Characteristics of Vehicle Planing

The 705 Research Institute, China State Shipbuilding Corporation Limited, Xi’an 710077, China

摘要

摘要: 基于STAR-CCM+数值计算软件, 选用剪切应力传输k-ω湍流模型, 采用流体体积波和多重运动参考系构建航行器水面滑行数值仿真模型, 并进行了可行性验证。利用该模型对航行器在不同速度下的水面滑行工况进行数值仿真, 研究其流场特性和流体动力特性。仿真结果表明, 航行器在水面滑行速度高于30 m/s时, 尾端发生空化, 空泡内压力低于航行器尾端沾湿面压力; 空泡发生形变, 液面向航行器尾部卷曲并形成飞溅, 航行器尾端形成封闭空泡, 在泡内出现绕流, 泡内为低压区, 此时航行器的升力为负值, 待滑行速度提高, 空泡溃灭与大气连通, 升力值明显提高; 在航行器以不同速度进行水面滑行的过程中, 流场明显不同, 导致升力系数和阻力系数差异较大, 升力甚至出现负值, 其主要与不同速度下航行器尾端空化效果不同, 导致沾湿及航行器表面压力分布存在差异有关。研究结果可为航行器水面滑行工程应用提供理论参考。
- 水面滑行 /
- 流场特性 /
- 流体动力学特性
Abstract: This study employed the shear stress transport(SST) k-ω turbulence model and used the volume of fluid(VOF) wave and the multiple reference frame(MRF) model motion reference system to construct a numerical simulation model of vehicle planing implemented in STAR-CCM+ numerical simulation software, whereby its feasibility was verified. This model was then used to numerically simulate the planing conditions of a vehicle at different speeds and to study its flow field and hydrodynamic characteristics. The simulation results show that when the planing speed of the vehicle was higher than 30 m/s, cavitation occurs at the tail end of the vehicle. This results in the pressure inside the cavity being lower than the pressure on the wetted surface of the tail, causing the cavity to deform and the liquid level to curl up towards the tail, resulting in splashes. Subsequently, a closed cavity is formed at the tail, and there is an inner flow around the cavity, within which there is a low-pressure area. At this time, the lift on the vehicle is negative. When the speed increases, the cavity collapses and joins the atmosphere, and the lift is significantly increased. When the vehicle planes at different speeds, the flow field is obviously different, so are the lift coefficient and the drag coefficient; the lift even turns negative. This is mainly due to the difference in the wetting distribution and surface pressure distribution of the vehicle, caused by different cavitation effects at the tail of the vehicle at different speeds. The results can provide a theoretical reference for engineering applications of vehicle planing.
- planing /
- flow field characteristics /
- hydrodynamic characteristics

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图 1 滑水试验照片与数值仿真结果

Figure 1. Planing test photo and numerical simulation result

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图 2 航行器20 m/s时水下航行流场

Figure 2. Underwater flow field around the vehicle navigating at 20 m/s

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图 3 计算域尺寸及边界示意图

Figure 3. Diagram of calculation domain size and boundaries

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图 4 航行器尾部网格局部

Figure 4. Local mesh at the tail of the vehicle

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图 5 不同速度下航行器滑行气液交界面及空化效果图

Figure 5. Diagram of gas-liquid interfaces and cavitation effects of the vehicle planning at different speeds

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图 6 不同速度下航行器水面滑行密度云图

Figure 6. Density contours of the vehicle planning at different speeds

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图 7 不同速度下航行器水面滑行压力云图

Figure 7. Pressure contours of the vehicle planing at different speeds

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图 8 速度50 m/s时航行器水面滑行尾部流线

Figure 8. Streamline diagram of the vehicle planing at 50 m/s

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图 9 航行器水面滑行流体动力特性曲线

Figure 9. Curves of hydrodynamic characteristics of vehicle planing

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图 10 航行器水面滑行沾湿效果图

Figure 10. Diagram of wetting effect of vehicle planing

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图 11 航行器水面滑行力分解示意图

Figure 11. Diagram of force resolution for vehicle planing

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图 12 速度50 m/s时航行器水面滑行截面密度云图

Figure 12. Cross-sectional density contour of the vehicle planning at 50 m/s

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图 13 不同速度下航行器表面压力云图

Figure 13. Surface pressure contours of the vehicle at different speeds

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表 1 不同网格数量下水面滑行流体动力特性

Table 1. Hydrodynamic characteristics of the vehicle planing under different mesh numbers

网格数量	F_D/N	F_L/N	C_D	C_L
237万	47 688	143 076	0.052 9	0.158
344万	38 092	120 589	0.042 2	0.134
496万	35 476	112 354	0.039 3	0.125
581万	33 264	108 836	0.036 9	0.121
674万	32 908	108 698	0.036 5	0.121

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表 2 不同速度下航行器水面滑行流体动力特性

Table 2. Hydrodynamic characteristics of the vehicle planing at different speeds

v/(m·s⁻¹)	F_D/N	F_L /N	C_D	C_L
10	560	900	0.050	0.081
20	4 600	−2 400	0.103	−0.054
30	10 956	−6 754	0.109	−0.067
40	15 580	−13 740	0.087	−0.077
50	21 400	−1 200	0.077	−0.004
60	16 000	24 780	0.040	0.062
70	20 908	48 436	0.038	0.089
80	26 954	76 666	0.038	0.107
90	33 264	108 836	0.037	0.121

下载: 导出CSV

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