水下无人系统学报

Development Trend of Military UUV(Ⅰ): A Review of U.S. Military Unmanned System Development Plan

QIAN Dong, ZHAO Jiang, YANG Yun

2017, 25(创刊号): 001-30. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2017.01.001

[Abstract](3040) [PDF 625KB](5454)

Abstract:
The Department of Defense(DoD) of the United States had published four editions of Unmanned Systems Integrated Roadmap during 2007~2013 to present the integrated development strategy and plan of unmanned aircraft systems(UASs), unmanned maritime systems(UMSs), and unmanned ground systems(UGSs) for future 25 years with emphases on the cross-domain cooperative combat capability of various unmanned systems and the common technologies. Subsequently, some DoD organizations and military services released a series of research reports on unmanned systems. In 2016, U.S. Navy submitted the report Autonomous Undersea Vehicles Requirement for 2025 to the congress, in which some new concepts, such as Seabed Warfare and Counter-AUV Warfare, were proposed. The Defense Science Board(DSB) provided detailed recommendations in its study report Autonomy for accelerating adoption of autonomous technology. A DSB task force suggested in its report Next-Generation Unmanned Undersea Systems that the low-cost unmanned undersea systems which could be deployed in large numbers should be greatly developed to maintain and enhance the American undersea advantage. This paper reviews the above reports, introduces the new classification method for UUVs and the change of UUV mission requirement of U.S. Navy, and describes in detail some critical technology domains of UUV, such as interoperability, autonomy, communication, advanced navigation, manned-unmanned (MUM) teaming, persistent resilience, and weaponry. The issues about logistics and sustainment of UUV, training, and force structure are discussed. Development trend of UUVs is outlined. And some viewpoints on UUV development are described. As a result, suggestions are offered that the concepts of operation and development of UUV should be explored; the most important aspects of UUV development and employment should be taken as system of systems (SoS) based on operation, low cost, interoperatability and modularity, etc.; top organization for governing all unmanned systems should be established; new acquisition procedure of UUV in civil and military integration mode, as well as new sustainment mode and strategy, should be explored; and UUV concept of employment should be investigated simultaneously with the development of UUV technologies.

Review of Undersea Autonomous Inertial-Gravity Matching Navigation

FU Meng-yin, LIU Fei, YUAN Shu-ming, OUYANG Yong-zhong, WANG Bo

2017, 25(创刊号): 031-43. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2017.01.002

[Abstract](1211) [PDF 14756KB](1022)

Abstract:
Ocean resource has important significance for national economy and national security, and undersea autonomous navigation is the key technology of Chinese ocean strategy. Undersea inertial-gravity matching navigation becomes one of the important methods for undersea autonomous navigation because of its high precision, long-endurance and concealing. The researches on key technologies of undersea inertial-gravity matching navigation are reviewed in this paper. Firstly, the significance of undersea inertial-gravity matching navigation and the system structure as well as their development are discussed. Then, the key technologies, including rotation-modulating inertial navigation system(INS), construction of gravity map, real-time measurement of gravity, gravity compensation, gravity matching and comprehensive correction, are introduced in detail. Finally, corresponding research direction and emphasis are provided, and the challenge and strategy in research of undersea high-speed vehicle navigation are described. This paper may provide a reference for the research of undersea high-precision autonomous navigation.

Development and Key Techniques of Unmanned Undersea System

PAN Guang, SONG Bao-wei, HUANG Qiao-gao, SHI Yao

2017, 25(创刊号): 044-51. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2017.01.003

[Abstract](2013) [PDF 7972KB](1075)

Abstract:
Unmanned undersea system(UUS) concerns most of the new concepts and new technologies for modern naval equipment. This paper reviews the development of UUSs in the United States, and analyzes the three features of these UUSs, i.e., the systematization, the clustering, and the exploration of the new concept unmanned undersea vehicle(UUV). This paper also briefly describes the current development of UUSs in Russia, Europe and China, and points out the development gap between China and the United States. Finally, in view of the key aspects of UUSs, such as autonomy, interoperability, data link and multi-platform cooperation, the corresponding key technologies are emphasized. This study may provide a reference for the development of diversified UUSs in China.

Effect of Primary Water-to-Fuel Ratio on Specific Impulse Performance of Water Ramjet with High Metal Content Propellant

CHAO Kan, NIU Nan, LU He-jian

2017, 25(创刊号): 052-56. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2017.01.004

[Abstract](828) [PDF 4843KB](288)

Abstract:
To improve specific impulse performance of a water ramjet, based on eddy-dissipation combustion model, a 3D multi-phase flow non-premixed combustion reaction model was established for the water ramjet with high metal content magnesium-based propellant. Further, the effects of water-to-fuel ratio on such parameters as temperature distribution and variation of composition in afterburning chamber as well as specific impulse of the water ramjet were obtained, and the calculations are in good agreement with the experiment results. It is shown that the primary water-to-fuel ratio is more important to performance improvement of the water ramjet, and the specific impulse of the water ramjet firstly increases then decreases with the increase of primary water-to-fuel ratio, showing an optimum primary water-to-fuel ratio, at which the water ramjet gains the highest specific impulse.

Optimization Design of Vibration Isolation System for Torpedo Borne Computer Based on Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm

ZHANG Yi-wen, YIN Shao-ping, WANG Zhi-jie, GUO Jun, WU Pei-ming, CUI Xin-shan

2017, 25(创刊号): 057-63. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2017.01.005

[Abstract](1210) [PDF 5851KB](354)

Abstract:
To solve the vibration isolation problem of torpedo borne computer in complex mechanical environment, this paper proposes a joint optimization design method based on UG and ANSYS Workbench. A parametric geometry model is established by UG and imported into ANSYS Workbench for finite element modeling. Modal parameters of the original design scheme are calculated and compared with the modal test data to prove the correctness of the calculation model. Then the optimal objective function is determined based on vibration isolation theory, and optimization design of the vibration isolation system is carried out using multi-objective genetic algorithm. Compared with the original design, the optimization scheme reduces the maximum natural frequency by 12.9% and the frequency interval by 79.6%, and increases the effective vibration isolation frequency by 39.1 Hz.

Thoughts on Construction of “Trinity” of Undersea Warfare Equipment Range

SHEN Ya-dong

2017, 25(创刊号): 064-67. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2017.01.006

[Abstract](1318) [PDF 4241KB](357)

Abstract:
To adapt to the transforming development of navy to actual combat and meet the requirement of operational test of underwater weapon, overall development route and idea of constructing underwater warfare equipment range toward actual combat, informatization and systematization are presented. It is suggested that construction of underwater warfare equipment range should aim at “trinity”, i.e., equipment testing ground, military training venue and combat drilling field, and consider development of underwater warfare equipment technology, change of test evaluation mode, and extension of testing, training and drilling functions. Further, taking the shortage of the existing test systems of ranges into account, focus on five important development directions of range construction are put forward to provide a reference for promoting range construction and fighting capacity generation of underwater warfare equipment.

Shape Optimization Design of Blended-Wing-Body Underwater Glider

SUN Chun-ya, SONG Bao-wei, WANG Peng

2017, 25(创刊号): 068-75. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2017.01.007

[Abstract](1271) [PDF 6926KB](356)

Abstract:
To improve the hydrodynamic performance of an underwater glider, the blend-wing-body (BWB) configuration is applied to the design of an underwater glider. The initial shape design and parametric modeling of BWB underwater glider are carried out. Based on the energy consumption analysis of BWB underwater glider, a calculation model of maximum gliding range is established. Subsequently, taking the maximum range as the goal, the optimization design of the glider is performed by using the global optimization method based on surrogate model. The optimization result takes into account two aspects of improving the lift-to-drag ratio and increasing the volume of the glider. The feasibility of the optimization design is verified by low speed wind tunnel test. This optimization method provides technical support for the development of BWB underwater glider.

A Storage Reliability Test and Assessment Method of Lithium-Thionyl Chloride Battery for AUV

YE Hao-liang, CHEN Tao, CHEN Yao-pei

2017, 25(创刊号): 076-81. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2017.01.008

[Abstract](1149) [PDF 5131KB](386)

Abstract:
To accurately assess the storage reliability of lithium-thionyl chloride battery for an autonomous undersea vehi-cle(AUV) , the related specifications were comprehensively reviewed, and the failure mechanism and influence factors were analyzed. The main factors influencing the storage performances of the lithium-thionyl chloride battery and the statistic items of failure were hence determined. Moreover, a method for making test plan was put forward, and a complete set of test and assessment method was proposed for the storage reliability of lithium-thionyl chloride battery. Engineering example shows that the proposed method can satisfy reliability assessment of lithium-thionyl chloride battery storage. This method has been approved by the relevant units and has been written into the test program for application.

Straight Line Tracking of Underactuacted AUV Based on Model Predictive Control

ZHANG Guang-jie, YAN Wei-sheng, GAO Jian

2017, 25(创刊号): 082-88. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2017.01.009

[Abstract](1204) [PDF 5697KB](381)

Abstract:
To apply the model predictive control method to linear tracking control of underactuated autonomous underwater vehicle(AUV) with input constraint, three model predictive control algorithms, i.e., the linear model predictive control(LMPC) algorithm, the linear time-varying model predictive control(LTV-MPC) algorithm, and the nonlinear model predictive control(NMPC) algorithm, are respectively applied to the nonlinear system, and the performances of these algorithms are analyzed and compared. Simulation results show that all three model predictive control algorithms can achieve straight line tracking of AUV under the condition of satisfying the system constraints, NMPC and LTV-MPC are superior to LMPC in control rapidity and stability, and NMPC is better than LTV-MPC. Therefore, the model predictive control algorithm has strong robustness and reliability.

Prestressed Modal Analysis of Pressurized Structure for Launcher Simulation Experiment

CHEN Wei-bin, DUAN Hao, WANG Yun

2017, 25(创刊号): 089-93. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2017.01.010

[Abstract](1051) [PDF 4413KB](280)

Abstract:
During the launcher simulation experiment, the pressurized structure — false sea will produce strong vibration under the effect of launching shock. The vibration characteristics of the false sea can provide guidance for test equipment installation to ensure the equipment be installed in the proper position. Through prestressed modal analysis of the false sea, it is concluded that the modal characteristics do not obviously change, so no obvious stress stiffening of the false sea occurs under the effect of prestress. Finally, the optimum installation position of the test equipment is obtained through analyzing the natural vibration mode of the false sea.

A Modal Test Technology of Impeller and Blade for Torpedo Turbine

LIU Jing-yun, SUN Tao, PENG Bo, YI Yin, YAN Hai, GAO Hui-zhong

2017, 25(创刊号): 094-100. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2017.01.011

[Abstract](1118) [PDF 6477KB](375)

Abstract:
Torpedo turbine impeller has small size, light weight and short blades, so the additional mass of a common contact acceleration sensor directly affects the measurement accuracy of impeller modal, and the sensor cannot be installed on the short blade. To completely eliminate the influence of the sensor′s additional mass and increase the measurement points and accuracy, the non-contact laser measurement technology of vibration and the PVDF piezoelectric film are introduced into the impeller modal test for improving the measurement accuracy and obtaining the first five orders of impeller natural frequency and vibration modes. Comparison between the contact and non-contact vibration measurement methods shows that: both methods achieve high measurement accuracy of impeller natural frequency, while the non-contact laser measurement technology of vibration allows more measurement points for impeller vibration modal and wider measurement range, and achieves clearer modal shape; PVDF piezoelectric film has higher measurement accuracy and anti-interference ability in higher frequency range, but it is not suitable in lower frequency range and the obtained modal shapes of the impeller are difficult to be identified.

Hydrodynamic Force of Ventilated Cavitation with Variable Angle of Attack on a Revolved Body with Streamlined Head

HUANG Lei, WANG Sheng-jie, PENG Xue-ming, WANG Jing

2017, 25(创刊号): 101-106. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2017.01.012

[Abstract](915) [PDF 5884KB](294)

Abstract:
To explore the rule of hydrodynamic force of ventilated cavitation with angle of attack, experiment of ventilated cavitation with angle of attack on a revolved body with streamlined head was conducted by applying the high speed camera system and force measuring system. Some conclusions can be drawn as follows: 1) Under proper ventilation quantity, the formation of ventilated cavitation will reduce the flow resistance, lift and pitching moment of the revolved body model with streamlined head in the experimental range of angle of attack; 2) With increasing ventilation rate, the drag and pitching moment of the model show decreasing tendency, the cavity coverage area enlarges, and both the wetted area of the model and the asymmetric wetted area at centroid front reduce; 3) With the increase in ventilation rate, the cavitation covering whole lee flow area forms rapidly to cause a sudden increase in the lift coefficient; 4) As the increase of ventilation rate continues, the length of ventilated cavitation on incident flow side elongates, and the lift coefficient decreases; and 5) The drag, lift force and pitching moment tend to be stable until the increase in ventilation rate does not result in obvious change of cavitation morphology. This research may provide a reference for trajectory design of underwater ventilated cavitation vehicles.

2017 Vol. 25, No. 创刊号

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