水下无人系统学报

Development of Multidisciplinary Design Optimization in Torpedo General Design

WANG Peng, SONG Bao-wei, YIN Shao-ping, MAO Zhao-yong

2008, 16(5): 001-4. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.1673-1948.2008.05.001

[Abstract](1848) [PDF 1776KB](823)

Abstract:
Multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) is a new field within engineering design all over the world. It is regarded as an effective and prospective solution to complex engineering systems. This paper studies the developments in MDO, and particularly discusses several key technologies, such as constituent elements, algorithms and optimization framework. Dividing the torpedo general design into seven subjects based on collaborative optimization(CO), a method of MDO in torpedo general design is proposed and analyzed, including shape, structure, trajectory, propulsion, guidance system, warhead,and distribution and weigh design. The application of MDO via CO algorithm to torpedo general design is discussed, a design model is presented, and the technical difficulties and future research trend are indicated.

Numerical Simulation of Conjugate Forced Convection in Torpedo Tube with Torpedo and Al/AgO Battery

LI Zong-ji, ZHANG Xiao-fang, WANG Shu-zong

2008, 16(5): 005-7. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.1673-1948.2008.05.002

[Abstract](2027) [PDF 479KB](904)

Abstract:
To analyze the thermal safety of Al/AgO battery in torpedo tube after launching failure, numerical simulation of the conjugate forced convection heat transfer was conducted in the condition of launch failure and battery activation by using the computational fluid dynamics(CFD) software FLUENT. Taking into account the conjugate heat transfer between electrolyte and torpedo shell as well as between torpedo shell and sea water inside the tube, the time histories of the electrolyte temperature and the temperature contour on torpedo shell and tube were obtained. Simulation results show that the temperature in the battery becomes higher with time, and the maximum temperature is 107.5 ℃.

Torpedo Program Evaluation Based on AHP-DEA Model

LI Kan, SUN Shu-dong

2008, 16(5): 008-11. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.1673-1948.2008.05.003

[Abstract](1546) [PDF 425KB](750)

Abstract:
A torpedo program evaluation model is presented based on the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) and the data envelopment analysis (DEA). Firstly the relative weight of a torpedo program in evaluation factors is calculated by using AHP, then an optimization model is established based on the theory of DEA taking torpedo program as decision-making units and relative weight of each program as output. The order of the torpedo program possibilities is obtained by computing the relative efficiency of the DEA model. The evaluation model is successfully applied in a practical project.

Simulation of Interior Trajectory Terminal for Mine Based on Second Lagrange Formulation

QIN Feng, PANG Hong-Zhao

2008, 16(5): 012-14. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.1673-1948.2008.05.004

[Abstract](2063) [PDF 305KB](805)

Abstract:
Interior trajectory terminal is a transition from interior trajectory to middle trajectory, and it′s parameter is important to the safety of mine launching via platform. A mine obtains its muzzle velocity through the work of high pressure gas in interior trajectory, and keeps moving forward only with inertia in interior trajectory terminal stage with the restriction from submarine torpedo tube. Based on the force analysis of mine motion in interior trajectory terminal, a dynamic model of interior trajectory terminal is established by using the second Lagrange formulation. A hydrodynamic force is added to determine the generalized force in the right side of the formulation. Some figures of interior trajectory terminal parameter versus initial velocity of mine are achieved. Simulation result shows that appropriate increase of initial speed of mine can improve the safety of mine launching via platform.

Anti-Torpedo Countermeasure System for Submarine of France Navy

LI Ning, Yang Biao

2008, 16(5): 015-19. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.1673-1948.2008.05.005

[Abstract](2023) [PDF 646KB](764)

Abstract:
The current anti-torpedo countermeasure systems are usually independently developed by specialized electromechanical manufacturers. The general design concept in France is discussed in this paper, which integrates ship platform, combat system, torpedo threat, countermeasure design and outside sea trials. To obtain a countermeasure system with low cost and high performance, the design concept of the Scorpene submarine includes the following three sides: (1) optimizing torpedo countermeasures based on torpedo threat characteristics and subsequent operational reactions; (2) integrating combat system and platform; (3) simulating operational reaction efficiency based on actual operational schemes. This system has already been equipped successfully on nuclear-powered submarine(SSN) and nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine(SSBN) in France, and its up-to-date version will be recommended to Direction des Constructions Navales(DCN) conventionally-powered submarine(SSK) Scorpene class submarines. The application indicates that this system can realize anti-torpedo countermeasure with least countermeasures and lowest power consumption for evasive maneuver.

A Method of Fairing Safety Release of Rising Device for Lightweight Torpedo

LI Chun-yu, LIU Jin, HE Jie

2008, 16(5): 020-21. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.1673-1948.2008.05.006

[Abstract](1412) [PDF 395KB](586)

Abstract:
To insure the exercise torpedo rising safely, many kinds of rising devices have been used in the design of modern lightweight torpedo, among which gas filled floating bag is commonly used. To keep torpedo body streamline, the floating bag is enwrapped with fairing on torpedo surface. Floating bag is filled with gas after torpedo running to release the fairing and float torpedo. A method of fairing safety release of rising device for lightweight torpedo is proposed in this paper. The match of flotation bag and fairing, the force value for pin fracture, and anti-jamming, etc. are analyzed. Moreover, a new safety release mechanism is presented.

Modeling and Simulation of Velocity and Attitude Matching Transfer Alignment of Strapdown Inertial Navigation System for Shipborne Weapons

SHEN Liang-liang, WANG Xin-long, CHEN Tao

2008, 16(5): 022-26. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.1673-1948.2008.05.007

[Abstract](1971) [PDF 511KB](732)

Abstract:
The problem of aligning the ship-borne weapons SINS to the reference INS under the conditions of low mobility with the help of waves roll or shake fins was studied in order to make it achieve transfer alignment without a special maneuver. Kalman filtering technology was adopted to estimate the mounting misalignments and ship flexure between the master INS and slave INS. A velocity-plus-attitude matching approach was presented for the shipborne weapons SINS in consideration of the dynamic distortion angle in marine environment, and a high-precision error compensation algorithm for lever arm effect was proposed, thereby the lever arm effects and ship flexure interference in velocity-plus-attitude match-sensitive measurement of shipborne weapons SINS transfer alignment process could be overcome. Simulation results show that the method can realize the transfer alignment of shipborne weapons SINS with satisfactory alignment precision and rapidness under the condition of low maneuver.

Vxworks-based Embedded UDP Communication Technology and Its Application to Simulation System for Torpedo

LI Yan, HAO Bin, LIAO Hong-yu

2008, 16(5): 027-30. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.1673-1948.2008.05.008

[Abstract](1383) [PDF 478KB](686)

Abstract:
To control current detection, attenuation and gain of a power amplifier group, a high performance embedded real-time control system was proposed, which is based on PC104 hardware platform and VxWorks operational system(OS). The system receives instructions from the host computer via Ethernet with the TCP/IP-based User Datagram Protocol(UDP) protocol provided by VxWorks. The controller communicates with the modules of data acquisition, communication and storage through expansion bus of PC104. This paper emphasizes on the UDP communication way between controller and host computer. Experiments show that this system can control power amplifier group effectively.

End-fire Beamforming for Small Element Space Linear Arrays Based on Acoustic Pressure Gradient Analysis

WANG Dong-hai, YANG Yi-xin, JIANG Wei

2008, 16(5): 031-33. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.1673-1948.2008.05.009

[Abstract](1570) [PDF 455KB](677)

Abstract:
The main lobe width and side lobe level of beampattern are two most important performance measures in beamforming. Super-directivity beamforming method can gain a narrower main lobe compared with conventional beams at end-fire direction for small interelement space uniform linear arrays(ULAs), and the Dolph-Chebyshev(DC) amplitude weighting method can obtain the lowest side lobe level at specific main lobe width. A new beamforming method at end-fire direction for small aperture linear arrays based on acoustic pressure gradient analysis is proposed in this paper. The method combines the super-directivity theory and DC weighting method. The mode-filter matrix is used to extract higher order modes of pressure gradients at array center from the array manifold. The end-fire beam pattern is synthesized with DC weights in mode domain, and then the beam forming weights are transformed into element domain. Compared with the common DC weighted beam forming, this new approach can obtain better performance at end-fire direction. Simulation results show that this method is effective.

Implementation of On-land Simulation of Torpedo Active Ultrasonic Fuze

CHEN Xi, JIANG Tao, LI Xiong-fei

2008, 16(5): 034-37. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.1673-1948.2008.05.010

[Abstract](1394) [PDF 459KB](831)

Abstract:
On-land simulation of torpedo active ultrasonic fuze is an important part of torpedo on-land simulation. This paper analyzes the echo of torpedo active ultrasonic fuze and the interference models, and applies these models to on-land simulation experiment of torpedo active ultrasonic fuze. Moreover, a module of waveform collection and retransmission based on on-land test simulation system PCI eXtensions for instrumentation(PXI) test bus and acoustical butted array is designed, and an on-land test simulation system for torpedo active ultrasonic fuze is built. The simulation circuit adopts general modularized design. The correctness of the model and the validity of the simulation method are proved by the experiment of ultrasonic fuze product.

Laser Position Detection in Ship Wake

LIU Chang, JI Bang-jie, LI Jian-chen, WANG Hai-lu

2008, 16(5): 038-41. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.1673-1948.2008.05.011

[Abstract](2409) [PDF 420KB](844)

Abstract:
Large number of microbubbles in ship wake field scatter laser beam passing through them more intensively than sea water, where forward scattering takes dominant position. The forward scattering intensity shows linear relation with microbubble radius at certain incident laser wavelength. The experiment results indicate that when laser penetrates the simulated wake area, the position of spot on charge coupled device(CCD) will change, and the variance of spot position will be enlarged obviously. Therefore, a laser wake homing torpedo can make use of the difference between scattering intensities in both ship wake microbubbles and surrounding sea water to detect ship wake.

Modeling and Verification of Highlight Broadband Echo for Underwater Small Scale Target

BAI Jun, SHEN Xiao-hong, WANG Hai-yan, ZHOU Qian

2008, 16(5): 042-45. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.1673-1948.2008.05.012

[Abstract](1569) [PDF 465KB](581)

Abstract:
An accurate and effective sonar target echo model is a basis of detecting and recognizing sonar target, especially small scale target. In this paper, based on three parameter models of highlight echoes of sonar targets and the characteristic analysis in time domain for sonar target detecting and recognizing, the target echo model is optimized by using the parameter of echo time domain characteristic. Furthermore, a method of modeling broadband echo is proposed based on the algorithm of dividing frequency band in order to overcome the limitation that the single frequent detection method is unable to simultaneously consider both distance and precision in small target recognition,. The comparison of the echoes from simulation and anechoic tank test verifies the accuracy and validity of the echo models.

A Method of Distinguishing Submarine and Acoustic Decoy Based on Features of Target Space Dimension

Liu Xiao-chun, Dong Chun-kai

2008, 16(5): 046-50. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.1673-1948.2008.05.013

[Abstract](2062) [PDF 632KB](719)

Abstract:
Based on the basic theories of cross-spectrum direction and energy integral distance measurement, a method to get echo features of target space dimension at last stage of torpedo range was presented. The space dimension features of fixed decoy, towed decoy and submarine were analyzed, and simulations were carried out by using the trial data from torpedo attacking point target, horizontal dimension target, and space dimension target. The simulation results indicate that precise space dimension echo features can be applied to effectively distinguish submarine from underwater acoustic decoy at last stage of torpedo range.

Performance of Stepless-Speed Swashplate Piston Enginewith Variable Fuel Pump

ZHAO Kuan-ming, YANG Cheng-shi, SUN Kai-feng, QIAN Zhi-bo

2008, 16(5): 051-54. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.1673-1948.2008.05.014

[Abstract](1799) [PDF 493KB](694)

Abstract:
The stepless-speed control for operating performance of thermal propulsion system is a key technology to increase torpedo range and hitting probability. This paper establishes mathematical models of main parts through analyzing torpedo′s thermal engine and propeller, and presents a stepless-speed control scheme with close-loop mode for swashplate piston engine with variable fuel pump. The control laws are obtained for computer simulation using variable structure control method. The algorithm of integrated control laws achieves easier computation for engine control unit(ECU). Simulation results show that the speed error meets the requirements of engine system under the preset angle of torpedo trajectory and the transition process of changing speed. The control laws can eliminate the vibration of system and has good performance of tracking engine speed.

Evaluation of Anti-Torpedo Operational Effectiveness for Acoustic Decoy Based on LMBP Neural Network

CHEN Jun, Wang Ru-hang

2008, 16(5): 055-59. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.1673-1948.2008.05.015

[Abstract](1493) [PDF 611KB](730)

Abstract:
To better evaluate anti-torpedo operational effectiveness for various acoustic decoys some effectiveness evaluation factors are presented and analyzed according to the actual condition. Combining Delphi and simulation experiment, back propagation(BP) artificial neural network based on Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm is applied to evaluate anti-torpedo operational effectiveness for acoustic decoys. Traingdx algorithm and LM algorithm are compared and analyzed, and the latter shows faster training speed and smaller errors. By comparing the counterwork effects of two kinds of acoustic decoys, the evaluation method based on BP neural network is proved to be more feasible.

Study on Rocket Assisted Torpedo Salvo for Surface Formation

MEN Jin-zhu, ZHOU Ming, CHU Lei

2008, 16(5): 060-62. doi: 10.11993/j.issn.1673-1948.2008.05.016

[Abstract](1785) [PDF 392KB](630)

Abstract:
In anti-submarine warfare, it is crucial to ascertain the battlefield situation exactly, and choose weapons and fire methods reasonably. According to the operational application characters of rocket assisted torpedo, as well as the definition, applicable occasion, and implementing means of ship-to-air missile, ship-to-ship missile, and acoustic homing torpedo salvo, this paper analyses and achieves the definition and conception of rocket assisted torpedo salvo in order to improve the actual training and operation, and enhance the anti-submarine capability of surface formation.

2008 Vol. 16, No. 5

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