Research on Process of Longitudinal Vibration Underwater Acoustic Transducer Based on Acousto-Solid-Piezoelectric Coupling

Currently, the design process of longitudinal vibration underwater acoustic transducers only focuses on ideal conditions, but the production process has a certain impact on the relevant electroacoustic performance of the underwater acoustic transducers. In this paper, finite element analysis software was used to establish finite element models for ceramic ring coating, ceramic ring assembly coaxiality, and pre-tensioning assembly to simulate and analyze the electroacoustic performance of the models. By comparing the results, it is found that the adhesive bonding of the transducer by filling the small gaps between the end faces of each component can improve the overall stiffness of the piezoelectric ceramic ring, thereby increasing the overall elastic modulus and causing an increase in resonance frequency. The resonance frequency of the transducer decreases as the thickness of the adhesive layer increases, and it increases as the thickness of the residual glue layer increases. Transducers with high coaxiality of ceramic ring assembly have higher conductivity at the corresponding frequency and a smoother voltage response curve, with significantly reduced burrs. As the pre-tensioning force applied to the pre-tensioning bolt increases, the first and second resonance frequencies of the transducer with a matching layer increase, and the corresponding conductivity and voltage response change. After a water pool test, the simulation results are compared with the experimental results, and the trend of the test results is consistent with that of the simulation results.