Research on communication technology of far-sea cross-domain buoys based on HF sky-wave propagation
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摘要: 随着深远海科学探测技术的持续发展, 远海跨域可靠传输需求日益迫切, 由于短波天波传播受限于工作频率, 满足高增益和适应高海况的天线尺寸较大, 使用场景严重受限。面向深远海科学探测信息的跨域远距离传输需求, 文中提出一种可用于深远海科考场景的跨域信息传输的中继通信技术, 设计了通信方案、工作原理、工作流程与工作方法, 并通过设计可变长柔性短波天线与水冷散热一体化功放组件, 确保了天线增益高、海况适应强及可跨空水介质传输等优点。通过仿真分析表明, 所提出的通信方法可有效保证通信效果, 解决高海况、复杂干扰环境下短波信号的跨域远距离可靠通信问题。该技术可弥补卫星通信手段无法使用等恶劣环境下的对岸信息报知功能, 为海上远距离跨域通信的发展提供一定的技术支撑。Abstract: With the continuous development of long-distance sea scientific exploration technology, the demand for cross-domain reliable transmission is becoming more and more serious, HF sky-wave propagation communication is limited by the working frequency,and the use scenarios are seriously limited.For the cross-domain long-distance transmission requirements of far-reaching Marin science exploration short message transmission,this paper presents a relay communication technology for cross-domain short message transmission that can be used in far-reaching sea research scenarios.Based on this technology,the communication scheme,working principle,working flow and working method are designed,by designing variable length flexible short wave antenna and water cooling integrated power amplifier assembly,it ensures the advantages of high antenna gain,strong sea condition adaptation,and cross water medium transmission.Through simulation analysis,it shows that the proposed communication method can effectively guarantee the communication effect,solve the problem of cross-domain long-distance reliable communication of short messages in the high sea conditions and complex interference environment,to make up for the information of the other side under the harsh environment such as the deactivation of satellite communication means,for the distance at sea the development of cross-domain communication provides certain technical support.
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图 1 一种基于短波天波传播的远海跨域通信浮标组成示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the composition of the far-sea cross-domain buoy based on HF sky-wave propagation
图 2 变长柔性短波天线展开示意图
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of flexible HF antenna unfolded with variable length
图 3 天线展开与保持装置组成示意图
Figure 3. Schematic diagram of the composition of the antenna deployment and holding device
图 5 远海跨域通信浮标的典型通信能力仿真图
Figure 5. Typical communication capability simulation diagram the composition of the cross-domain communication buoy in the far-sea
表 1 可通情况列表
Table 1. A list of available situations
频率值 可通信时间/h 信噪比/dB 信噪比余量/dB 频率1 17 20~30 9~19 频率2 12 20~30 9~19 频率3 3 20~30 9~19 
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表 2 可通信情况统计列表
Table 2. A statistical list of available situations
岸台站点 p1 p2 时间 频率数 时间 频率数 1# 22 2 − − 3# 21 2 22 2 4# 22 2 22 2 5# 21 2 22 2 6# − − 22 2 7# − − 22 2 8# − − 22 2 9# − − 22 2
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