Numerical simulation study on the water entry process of the hybrid underwater vehicle
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摘要: 跨介质远程突防技术可以兼具空中远程打击和水下高突防率的特点, 具有很高的研究价值。然而, 航行器的跨介质入水过程往往伴随着多相流、空化、相变及湍流不稳定性, 会加剧流场的复杂性, 其所受的作用力还呈现出较强的非定常和非线性, 亟需深入研究。文中建立了航行器入水过程的数值计算模型, 采用流体体积(VOF)模型对气液交界面捕捉, 使用Schnerr-Sauer模型对跨介质过程中产生的空化过程进行描述。对航行器在不同空化器转角以及通气流量条件下的跨介质入水过程进行仿真计算, 研究了导弹跨介质过程中的流场和空泡演化规律, 分析并得到了航行器跨介质过程中的流体动力学特性以及运动特性。仿真结果表明, 航行器在入水过程中会随着通气量的变化而呈现出2种不同的姿态变化模式: 增角速度拉平模式和周期俯仰式拉平模式, 不同模式下航行器的入水拉平过程会呈现不同运动特点。此外, 空化器倾角的增加和通气流量的降低可以提高航行器在跨介质入水过程中的姿态变化速率。Abstract: The trans-media remote penetration technology can combine the characteristics of long-range air strike capability and high penetration rate underwater, which is of high research value. However, the transmedia water entry process of missiles is often accompanied by multiphase flow, cavitation, phase change, and turbulence instability, which can exacerbate the complexity of the flow field, and the forces it is subjected to also exhibit strong non-constant and non-linear characteristics, which urgently require in-depth study. A numerical model for the vehicle's entry into the water was developed. The volume of fluid(VOF) model was employed to capture the gas-liquid interface, and the Schnerr-Sauer model was utilized to describe the cavitation that occurs during the trans- media process. The simulation of the trans-media water entry process of the vehicle under different cavitator deflection angles as well as gas supply are carried out to investigate the flow field and cavity evolution laws in the trans-media process of the missile, and the fluid dynamics characteristics as well as the kinematic characteristics of the vehicle during trans-media water entry process are analyzed and obtained. The simulation results show that the vehicle will present two different attitude change modes with the change of the gas supply during the process of water entry: the increasing angular velocity levelling mode and the periodical pitching type levelling mode. And the water entry levelling process of the vehicle in different modes will show different motion characteristics. Additionally, an increase in the deflection angle of the cavitator and a decrease in the ventilation flow rate can improve the attitude change rate of the vehicle during the trans-medium water entry process.
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Key words:
- vehicles /
- trans-medium /
- water entry /
- ventilation
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图 3 航行器区域边界条件示意图
Figure 3. Schematic diagram of the boundary conditions of the missile body region
图 5 试验弹入水试验与仿真的气液交界面变化
Figure 5. Variation of gas-liquid interface between the test projectile in water test and simulation
图 7 不同网格数量下的航行器径向力矩时变曲线图
Figure 7. Time varying curves of radial torque of spacecraft under different grid quantities
图 8 不同网格数量下的航行器速度时变曲线图
Figure 8. Curve of the velocity of the vehicle over time with different number of grids
图 9 不同网格数量下的航行器位移时变曲线图
Figure 9. Diagram of displacement variation of vehicle under different grid quantities
图 11 不同通气率条件下航行器俯仰角变化曲线
Figure 11. Changes in pitch angle of vehicle under different ventilation rates
图 12 工况1的航行器在典型时刻的空泡图
Figure 12. Cavity diagram of the vehicle under operating condition 1 at typical moments
图 13 不同通气流率下拉平时刻的空泡轮廓
Figure 13. Cavity contour at flattening time under different ventilation flow rate conditions
图 14 不同通气率下航行器入水弹道曲线
Figure 14. Water entry trajectory curves of vehicle under different ventilation rates
图 15 不同通气量条件下航行器径向力时变曲线
Figure 15. Time varying curves of radial force on vehicle under different ventilation conditions
图 16 大通气量条件下航行器径向力的时变曲线
Figure 16. The time-varying curve of radial force of vehicle under high gas flow conditions
图 17 不同通气量条件下航行器角速度和攻角时变曲线
Figure 17. Time varying curves of vehicle angular velocity and angle of attack under different ventilation conditions
图 18 大通气量条件下航行器角速度和攻角时变曲线
Figure 18. Time-varying curves of vehicle angular velocity and angle of attack under high gasflow conditions
图 19 不同工况下航行器俯仰角时变曲线
Figure 19. The time-varying curve of the pitch angle of the vehicle under different operating conditions
图 20 不同工况下航行器径向力变化曲线
Figure 20. Radial force variation curve of vehicle under different operating conditions
图 21 不同工况下航行器入水弹道曲线
Figure 21. Water entry trajectory curves of vehicle under different operating conditions
图 22 不同工况下航行器角速度和攻角时变曲线
Figure 22. Time varying curves of angular velocity and angle of attack of vehicle under different operating conditions
图 23 不同空化器转角条件下航行器径向力的时变曲线
Figure 23. Time-varying curves of radial force on the vehicle under various deflection angles of cavitator
图 24 不同空化器转角条件下航行器入水弹道曲线
Figure 24. Water entry trajectory curves for the vehicle with various deflection angles of cavitator
图 25 不同空化器转角条件下航行器角速度和攻角时变曲线
Figure 25. Time varying curves of vehicle angular velocity and angle of attack under different deflection angles of cavitator
表 1 不同通气流量计算工况表
Table 1. Table of different ventilation flow calculation conditions
工况 通气
系数入水角度/(°) 空化器
角度/(°)初始速度
/(m/s)1 0.249 20 25 100 2 0.497 3 0.746 4 0.994 5 1.243 6 1.492 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 小通气量条件下的计算工况表
Table 2. Table of calculation working conditions
工况标记 空化器角度
/(°)入水角度
/(°)通气系数 初始速度
/(m/s)1 10 20 0.249 100 2 15 3 20 4 25
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 大通气量条件下的计算工况表
Table 3. Calculation working condition table for different deflection angles of cavitator
工况标记 空化器角度
/(°)入水角度
/(°)通气系数 初始速度
/(m/s)H1 10 20 1.492 100 H2 15 H3 20 H4 25
下载: 导出CSV
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