Monte Carlo Simulation of Photon Transmission Time in Wake Bubble Curtain
-
摘要: 目前关于尾流气泡幕的Monte Carlo仿真多用于光子散射方向, 很少有学者研究光子传输时间的分布。文中基于Henyey-Greestein体散射函数, 建立了一种水中脉冲激光的前向散射模型, 基于该模型采用Monte Carlo方法仿真光子在气泡幕中的传输过程, 得到光子在含有气泡幕的水体中的传输时间分布。并利用该模型分别对不同气泡幕厚度、气泡尺寸以及探测距离的光子传输时间进行仿真。仿真结果表明: 气泡幕的厚度越大, 光子在气泡幕中的传输时间越长, 脉冲激光后沿的后移程度越大, 表现为脉冲激光展宽变宽; 气泡尺寸越大, 气泡对光的散射程度越大, 脉冲激光后沿的后移程度越大; 随着激光光源与气泡幕的距离变大, 光子传输时间表现为整体向后平移, 其脉冲宽度及峰值强度变化不大。根据探测器探测到光子的起止时间和光子数的峰值变化可以反映出尾流的特性, 从而实现尾流的精确定位、识别与测量。
-
关键词:
- 尾流 /
- 脉冲激光 /
- 气泡幕 /
- Henyey-Greestein函数 /
- Monet Carlo仿真
Abstract: At present, the Monte Carlo simulation of the wake bubble curtain is mostly used to simulate the photon scattering direction, and few scholars have studied the distribution of photon transmission time. In this paper, based on the volume scattering function of Henyey-Greestein, a forward scattering model of pulsed laser in water was established. The propagation process of photons in bubble curtain was simulated by the Monte Carlo method based on this model, and the distribution of transmission time of photons in water containing bubble curtain was obtained. The model was used to simulate the photon transmission time under different bubble curtain thicknesses, bubble sizes, and detection distances. The simulation results show that greater thickness of the bubble curtain indicates longer photon transmission time in the bubble curtain and greater backward movement of the pulsed laser, which is manifested as a broader and wider pulsed laser. A larger bubble size represents a greater scattering degree of the laser by the bubble and greater backward movement of the pulsed laser. As the distance between the laser light source and the bubble curtain becomes larger, the photon transmission time is shifted backward, and the pulse width and peak intensity change slightly. According to the start-stop time of photons detected by the detector and the peak change of photon number, the characteristics of wake can be reflected, thus realizing the accurate positioning, identification, and measurement of wake.-
Key words:
- wake /
- pulsed laser /
- bubble curtain /
- Henyey-Greestein function /
- Monet Carlo simulation
-
图 2 不同气泡幕厚度下光子传输时间分布
Figure 2. Distribution of photon transmission time under different bubble curtain thicknesses
图 3 不同g值下光子数传输时间分布
Figure 3. Transmission time distribution of photon numbers under different g values
图 4 不同探测距离光子数传输时间分布
Figure 4. Transmission time distribution of photon number under different detection distances
图 5 不同气泡幕厚度光子数传输时间及峰值光子数变化曲线
Figure 5. Curves of photon number transmission time and peak photon number with different bubble curtain thicknesses
图 6 不同气泡半径光子数传输时间及峰值光子数变化曲线
Figure 6. Curves of photon number transmission time and peak photon number with different bubble radii
图 7 不同探测距离光子数传输时间及峰值光子数变化曲线
Figure 7. Curves of photon number transmission time and peak photon number with different detection distances
图 8 不同气泡幕厚度和探测距离的光子传输时间对比
Figure 8. Comparison of photon transmission time with different bubble curtain thicknesses and detection distances
图 9 不同气泡幕厚度和探测距离的峰值光子数对比
Figure 9. Comparison of peak photon number with different bubble curtain thicknesses and detection distances
表 1 不同气泡幕厚度下探测器探测结果
Table 1. Detection results of detectors under different bubble curtain thicknesses
厚度/cm 起始时间/ns 终止时间/ns 峰值光子数 5 1.83 68.50 6 261 528 10 2.00 81.39 5 854 906 50 3.30 96.18 4 771 092 100 5.00 115.62 4 258 901 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 不同g值下探测器探测结果
Table 2. Detection results of detectors under different g values
a/μm g 起始时间/ns 终止时间/ns 峰值光子数 10 0.8895 1.83 68.5 6 617 182 20 0.8893 1.83 71.0 5 961 586 50 0.8877 1.83 87.0 5 749 463 100 0.8821 1.83 124.5 5 261 528
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 不同探测距离探测器探测结果
Table 3. Detection results of detectors under different detection distances
距离/cm 起始时间/ns 终止时间/ns 峰值光子数 10 1.33 68.5 5 293 371 50 2.67 71.8 5 261 528 100 16.80 84.9 5 215 937 500 33.50 101.8 5 186 349 1000 166.80 238.9 5 170 264
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] Davis G E. Scattering of light by an air bubble in water[J]. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 1955, 45(7): 572-581. [2] Arnott W P, Marston P L. Optical glory of small freely rising gas bubbles in water: Observed and computed cross-polarized backscattering patterns[J]. Journal of the Optical Society of America A, 1988, 5(4): 496-506. doi: 10.1364/JOSAA.5.000496 [3] Akbar M K, Ghiaasiaan S M. Monte Carlo simulation of aerosol transport in rising gas bubbles[J]. Journal of Aerosol Science, 2006, 37: 735-749. [4] 张建生. 尾流的光学特性研究与测量[D]. 西安: 中国科学院西安光学精密仪器研究所, 2001. [5] 张建生, 孙传东, 冀邦杰, 等. 水中气泡的运动规律和光学散射特性[J]. 鱼雷技术, 2000, 8(1): 22-25, 48.Zhang Jiansheng, Sun Chuandong, Ji Bangjie, et al. Motion law and optical scattering characteristics of bubbles in water[J]. Torpedo Technology, 2000, 8(1): 22-25, 48. [6] Cao J, Wang J A, Jiang X Z, et al. Monte Carlo simulation of optical properties of wake bubbles[J]. Chinese Physics Letters, 2007, 24(2): 479-482. doi: 10.1088/0256-307X/24/2/049 [7] Xia M, Yang K C, Zhang X H, et al. Monte Carlo simulation of backscattering signal from bubbles under water[J]. Institute of Physics Publishing, 2006, 8(3): 350-354. [8] 孙春生, 张晓晖. 舰船远程尾流气泡群的前向光散射特性研究[J]. 激光杂志, 2008, 163(4): 40-41.Sun Chunsheng, Zhang Xiaohui. Study on the forward scattering characteristics of bubbles in warship long-range Wake[J]. Laser Journal, 2008, 163(4): 40-41. [9] 韩彪, 刘继芳, 周少杰, 等. 基于Fournier Forand光脉冲后向散射特征分析模型[J]. 光子学报, 2011, 40(10): 1590-1594. doi: 10.3788/gzxb20114010.1590Han Biao, Liu Jifang, Zhou Shaojie, et al. Based on Fournier Forand light pulse backscattering characteristic analysis model[J]. Acta Photonica Sinica, 2011, 40(10): 1590-1594. doi: 10.3788/gzxb20114010.1590 [10] 韩彪, 刘继芳, 周少杰, 等. 激光脉冲宽度对远距离尾流气泡后向检测的影响[J]. 光子学报, 2011, 40(9): 1372-1375. doi: 10.3788/gzxb20114009.1372Han Biao, Liu Jifang, Zhou Shaojie, et al. Influence of laser pulse width on backward detection of long-distance wake bubbles[J]. Acta Photonica Sinica, 2011, 40(9): 1372-1375. doi: 10.3788/gzxb20114009.1372 [11] 张家利, 张建生, 文丽. 舰船尾流气泡后向光散射特性研究[J]. 科技资讯, 2010(33): 8-10.Zhang Jiali, Zhang Jiansheng, Wen Li. Study on backscattering characteristics of ship wake bubbles[J]. Science and Technology Information, 2010(33): 8-10. [12] 杨郁, 张建生. 偏振状态下船舰尾流的光散射特性[J]. 西安工业大学学报, 2012, 32(10): 789-794.Yang Yu, Zhang Jiansheng. Light scattering characteristics of ship wake in polarized state[J]. Journal of Xi’an Technology University, 2012, 32(10): 789-794. [13] 孙建鹏, 张建生, 陈焱. 淡水和盐水中模拟气泡幕前向光散射特性[J]. 西北大学学报(自然科学版), 2014, 44(1): 31-36.Sun Jianpeng, Zhang Jiansheng, Chen Yan. Forward light scattering characteristics of simulated bubble curtain in fresh water and salt water[J]. Journal of Northwest University(Natural Science Edition), 2014, 44(1): 31-36. [14] 陈焱, 孙建鹏, 常洋, 等. 模拟舰船尾流气泡的前向散射[J]. 西安工业大学学报, 2013, 33(6): 444-448.Chen Yan, Sun Jianpeng, Chang Yang, et al. Forward scattering of simulated ship wake bubbles[J]. Journal of Xi’an Technology University, 2013, 33(6): 444-448. [15] 宗思光, 张鑫, 曹静, 等. 舰船尾流激光探测跟踪方法与试验[J]. 红外与激光工程, 2023(3): 197-208.Zong Siguang, Zhang Xin, Cao Jing, et al. Laser detection and tracking method and experiment of ship wake[J]. Infrared and laser engineering, 2023(3): 197-208. [16] 曹静, 康颖, 王江安. 水中气泡光学特性的蒙特卡洛模拟[J]. 激光与红外, 2006, 36(5): 392-395.Cao Jing, Kang Ying, Wang Jiangan. Monte Carlo simulation of optical characteristics of bubbles in water[J]. Laser and Infrared, 2006, 36(5): 392-395. [17] 陈焱. 气泡幕激光散射的空间分布[D]. 西安: 西安工业大学, 2013. [18] 朱陆陆. 蒙特卡洛方法及应用[D]. 武汉: 华中师范大学, 2014. [19] Bashkatova T A, Bashkatov A N, Kochubey V, et al. Light scattering properties for spherical and cylindrical particles: A simple approximation derived from Mie calculations[C]//Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering. [S.l.]: SPIE, 2001. -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 69
- HTML全文浏览量: 21
- PDF下载量: 23
- 被引次数: 0
