Method of Adaptability Assessment of an Intercept Missile in Challenging Marine Conditions
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摘要: 拦截弹装备于水面舰艇, 其主要使命任务是对来袭的反舰鱼雷实施硬杀伤拦截。工作时, 拦截弹收到系统点火信号后, 发动机点火, 弹体出管飞行; 弹体入水后, 声引信完成分离, 悬浮装置点火, 弹体分离, 气囊充气上浮; 待弹体稳定悬浮后, 开始正常工作。因此, 拦截弹发射飞行及入水分离是否正常是影响其作战效能的关键因素。但在高海况下, 对这些因素的评估存在试验组织实施难、试验产品回收难以及试验数据测量难等一系列实际问题。文中针对该装备的技术特性、使用环境, 提出了拦截弹作战使用需满足的性能要求, 并采用试验验证与仿真计算相结合的综合评估方法, 针对拦截弹的弹道攻角、入水过载和连接件受力3个方面的性能能否满足规定的高海况使用要求进行了研究。结果表明, 上述3方面性能均满足规定的高海况使用要求, 为进一步给出该拦截弹高海况适应性状态鉴定结论提供了技术支撑。Abstract: The main mission of an intercept missile equipped on surface warships is to intercept incoming anti-ship torpedoes as a hard-kill countermeasure. After the intercept missile receives the ignition signal from the system, the engine ignites and the body of the intercept missile flies out of the launching tube. When the missile enters water, the acoustic fuse completes separation process by igniting the suspension device to separate the missile body, and the air collar inflates and floats. Finally, the missile body starts to operate normally when it is stably suspended. Therefore, whether the launch, flight, and water-entering separation processes of the intercept missile are normal significantly affects its operational effectiveness. However, there are a series of practical problems concerning the intercept missile test in challenging marine conditions, such as difficulties in organizing and implementing testing, product recovery, and obtaining test data measurement. According to the technical characteristics and operating environment of the equipment, this paper proposes the performance requirements that should be satisfied when using the intercept missile. A comprehensive assessment method combining experimental verification and simulation calculations is proposed for the assessment. Studies regarding whether the attack angle, water-entering overload, and connector stress performance of the intercept missile can satisfy the requirements of challenging marine conditions are described. The results show that the intercept missile can meet the performance requirements of challenging marine conditions in the aforementioned three aspects. The findings can provide technical support for making evaluation conclusions on the adaptability of intercept missiles in challenging marine conditions.
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表 1 拦截弹气动稳定性计算结果
Table 1. Results of aerodynamic stability calculation for the intercept missile
序号 弹道攻角/(°) 稳定裕度 1 2 0.250 20 2 4 0.221 00 3 6 0.205 67 4 8 0.197 60 5 10 0.187 53 6 15 0.170 60 7 20 0.167 47 8 25 0.169 13 9 30 0.162 20 10 35 0.146 93 11 40 0.127 80 12 45 0.122 53 表 2 拦截弹6级海况最大风速条件下弹道入水参数计算结果
Table 2. Calculation results of ballistic water entry parameters under the condition of sea state level 6 and the maximum wind speed
入射角/(°) 入水参数 标准
条件正顺风 正逆风 正横风 45 速度/(m·s−1) 159.5 162.1 155.3 158.5 弹道倾角/(°) 47.00 46.10 48.40 47.00 攻角/(°) 0.17 3.70 1.80 3.50 12 速度/(m·s−1) 164.0 165.8 161.9 163.3 弹道倾角/(°) 12.20 12.10 12.20 12.10 攻角/(°) 0.50 2.10 1.30 7.40 -
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