Interior Trajectory Characteristics of Ram Piston Device in UUV for Torpedo Launching
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摘要: 针对无人水下航行器轻量化、体积小的要求, 文中提出了一种液压缸-冲压活塞-栅状管式发射装置。为评估该装置动力特性, 基于流体动力学和内弹道理论, 建立了该装置发射鱼雷动力学模型, 以液压缸速度为输入, 获得冲压活塞前后端压力特性和发射鱼雷内弹道特性。经对比验证, 上述模型计算结果与计算流体力学仿真结果基本吻合, 证明了所建模型的可靠性。研究结果表明, 冲压活塞运动过程中产生的最大阻力约为0.43 MPa, 为满足液压缸速度输入, 液压缸输出压力及功率可采用上述结果作为设计依据; 冲压活塞运动在0.42 s后作减速运动, 此时鱼雷运动约3.9 m, 为减小鱼雷后续管内运动时的压差阻力, 栅状管孔位可根据上述结果进行优化以提升补水能力, 从而提高发射装置的做功能力。Abstract: For lightweight and small volume requirements of unmanned undersea vehicles (UUVs), a hydraulic cylinder-ram piston-grid tube launch device was presented in this paper. To evaluate the dynamic characteristics of the device, the dynamic model of the device for torpedo launching was established based on the theory of fluid dynamics and interior trajectory. The pressure characteristics of the front and rear ends of the ram piston and the interior trajectory characteristics of the device for torpedo launching were obtained with the hydraulic cylinder velocity as input. Through comparison, it is verified that the calculation results of the above model are in good agreement with the simulation results of fluid dynamics, which indicates the reliability of the established model. The results show that the maximum resistance generated during the movement of the ram piston is 0.43 MPa. In order to satisfy the velocity input of the hydraulic cylinder, the output pressure and power of the hydraulic cylinder are designed based on the above results. When the ram piston moves 0.42 s and then decelerates, the torpedo moves about 3.9 m. In order to reduce the pressure differential resistance of the torpedo in subsequent movement, the hole location of the grid tube can be optimized according to the above results to enhance the replenishing capacity and improve the performance of the launcher.
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图 8 活塞后端面与外部环境压降随时间变化情况
Figure 8. Variation of pressure drop between piston rear face and external environment with time
图 9 发射鱼雷内弹道计算结果
Figure 9. Calculation results of interior trajectory during torpedo launching
图 14 活塞运动0.42 s流场分布特性
Figure 14. Flow field distribution characteristics at 0.42 s of piston movement
图 15 活塞运动0.42 s速度场流线特性分布
Figure 15. Streamline characteristic distribution of velocity field at 0.42 s of piston movement
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