布站几何对深海时差定位精度分布特性的影响

张 旭; 李智生; 邱仁贵; 董 楠

doi:10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2020.02.004

布站几何对深海时差定位精度分布特性的影响

doi: 10.11993/j.issn.2096-3920.2020.02.004

1.
中国人民解放军91550部队, 辽宁大连, 116023
2.
中国人民解放军91650部队, 广东广州, 510320

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(61701504, 61971424)

详细信息

作者简介:
张旭(1982-), 男, 博士, 工程师, 主要从事水下测量技术、海洋信息应用技术研究.

中图分类号: TB566; TJ630.33
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- 文章访问数: 363
- HTML全文浏览量: 20
- PDF下载量: 153
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-06-17
- 修回日期: 2019-07-08
- 刊出日期: 2020-04-30

Effects of Observation Geometry on Accuracy Distribution Characteristic of TDOA Localization System in Deep Sea

1.
91550th Unit, the People’s Liberation Army of China, Dalian 116023, China
2.
91650th Unit, the People’s Liberation Army of China, Guangzhou 510320, China

摘要

摘要: 为在深海较大区域实现海上无源目标的可靠水声定位, 测量设计中需对预选布站几何条件下的精度和覆盖特性进行有效估计。针对这一问题, 提出一种适用于多基站时差交会水声定位体制的精度分布特性仿真分析方法。以北太平洋中部海区的环境条件构设仿真场景, 采用BELLHOP高斯束射线模型计算声场, 应用Monte-Carlo方法迭加主要随机误差并传递到定位结果, 通过网格化和大子样计算分别得出4基站、5基站和6基站3类典型几何构型的均方根误差(RMSE)空间分布。分析表明, 在会聚区声信道条件下利用直达波与一次海底反射波进行定位性能有明显差异, 前者精度相对较高, 后者覆盖范围相对较大。直达波定位精度由阵中心区域向阵边缘区域逐渐减小, 而一次海底反射波定位则在阵中心数千米区域出现一个精度下降区。在处于顶角位置的基站失效或位于中心位置的基站偏移2种情况下, RMSE呈非对称分布, 仅在密集交会的局部区域有相对较高的精度, 不能保证对全海区有效覆盖。与以往的研究相比, 提出的方法满足深海条件下布站几何对精度分布和覆盖特性影响的评估与分析需求, 可为测量系统的设计与应用提供参考。
- 水声定位 /
- 精度分布 /
- 布站几何 /
- 多基站 /
- 覆盖特性 /
- 深海
Abstract: To stably localize an acoustic target in a large area of deep sea, the accuracy and coverage characteristic are required to be evaluated under pre-selected observation geometry condition in the measurement system design. Aiming at this problem, a simulation method was presented for analyzing the distributional characteristics of accuracy in underwater acoustic localization with multiple base stations by time difference of arrival(TDOA). The climatological environment in the center of Northern Pacific was selected as background, and the sound field was calculated by BELLHOP Gaussian ray model. Main errors were randomly superimposed by Monte-Carlo method and propagated to finally estimated locations, such that the distribution of root mean square error(RMSE) was established by grid calculation with large samples under typical geometry condition of 4-receiver, 5-receiver or 6-receiver array. The results indicated that the localization performance using direct waves was clearly different from that using first-seabed-reflected waves, and the former was more accurate while the later was better in coverage. For the localization with direct waves, the accuracy was better in the central area of array than that in the marginal one. For the localization with first-seabed-reflected waves, the accuracy became worse in the area several kilometers around the center of array. In another case, the RMSE showed an asymmetric distribution when one corner station was invalid or the central station shifted, the relatively high accuracy area was confined to the active station number, but the full measurement area failed to be covered. Compared with the existing researches, this research provides an applicable way to evaluate and analyze the influence of observation geometry on accuracy distribution and coverage characteristic.
- underwater acoustic localization /
- accuracy distribution /
- observation geometry /
- multiple base stations /
- coverage characteristic /
- deep sea

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