表面特性对水下航行器流体动力的影响研究

王在铎; 王 威; 张孝石

doi:10.11993/j.issn.1673-1948.2015.05.001

表面特性对水下航行器流体动力的影响研究

doi: 10.11993/j.issn.1673-1948.2015.05.001

1.
海军驻中国运载火箭技术研究院军事代表室, 北京, 100076
2.
哈尔滨工业大学航天学院, 黑龙江哈尔滨, 150001

详细信息

作者简介:
王在铎(1967-), 男, 高级工程师, 主要从事舰艇及水下航行器相关技术研究与管理.

中图分类号: TJ630.1
计量
- 文章访问数: 1402
- HTML全文浏览量: 2
- PDF下载量: 431
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2015-03-28
- 修回日期: 2015-07-09
- 刊出日期: 2015-10-20

Influences of Surface Characteristics of Underwater Vehicle on Its Hydrodynamic Properties

1.
Navy Representative Office in China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, Beijing 100076, China
2.
School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China

摘要

摘要: 为进一步优化水下航行器头型设计, 通过水洞试验对不同表面特性的水下航行器模型进行了试验研究,对比分析了凹槽、凹坑和光滑头型对水下航行器流体动力的影响, 分析了不同表面特性下的自然空泡形态、空泡的周期性波动及阻力系数, 得到以下结论: 在相同空化数条件下, 光滑头型水下航行器具有更好的抗空化特性, 而凹槽和凹坑头型则更加容易产生空化并形成完整透明的局部空泡; 光滑头型形成的空泡不稳定且不易被观察到, 凹槽和凹坑头型的空泡较稳定且呈现周期性波动; 在一定速度范围内, 凹槽头型和凹坑头型具有较好的减阻效果, 当速度为12.8 m/s时, 凹槽和凹坑头型的减阻量分别达到5%和8%。该研究可为水下航行器头型的优化设计提供理论参考。
- 水下航行器 /
- 表面特性 /
- 水洞试验 /
- 空泡 /
- 减阻
Abstract: To optimize the headform design of an underwater vehicle, water tunnel experiment was conducted to analyze the influences of different surface characteristics of the headform on hydrodynamic properties of the vehicle. The headform includes grooved surface, concave surface and smooth surface. The natural cavity shape, the periodical fluctuation of the cavity and the drag coefficient for different head surface were obtained. The results show that: 1) for same cavitation number, the vehicle with smooth head surface has higher cavitation resistance, but the grooved and concave head surfaces are easier to generate cavitation with complete and transparent partial cavities; 2) the smooth head surface produces unsteady and non-observable cavities, while the grooved and concave head surfaces produce steady cavities with periodic fluctuation; and 3) in a certain speed range, the unsmooth head surfaces (i.e. grooved head surface and concave head surface) can gain better drag reduction property compared with the smooth head surface, and at a speed of 12.8 m/s they can obtain the best drag reduction amount of 5% and 8%, respectively.
- underwater vehicle /
- surface characteristics /
- water tunnel experiment /
- cavity /
- drag reduction

HTML全文

参考文献(13)

[1]	黄德斌, 邓先和, 王杨君, 沟槽面管道湍流减阻的数值模拟研究[J]. 水动力学研究与进展(A辑), 2005, 20(1): 101-105. Huang De-bin, Deng Xian-he, Wang Yang-jun. Numerical Simulation Study of Turbulent Drag Reduction over Riblet Surfaces of Tubes[J]. Journal of Hydrodynamics (Series A), 2005, 20(1): 101-105.
[2]	Frohnapfel B, Jovanovi? J, Delgado A. Experi¬mental Investigations of Turbulent Drag Reduction by Surfaceembedded Grooves[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2007. 590: 107-116.
[3]	Bacher E, Smith C. A Combined Visualization Anemometry Study of the Turbulent Drag Reducing Mechanisms of Triangular Micro-groove Surface Modifications[C]// Shear Flow Control Conference, Boulder, CO, USAF- supported Research. 1985.
[4]	Walsh M J. Riblets as a Viscous Drag Reduction Technique[J]. AIAA Journal, 1983. 21(4): 485-486.
[5]	Wallace J, Balint J L. Viscous Drag Reduction Using Streamwise Aligned Riblets: Survey and New Results[M]. India, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988: 133-147.
[6]	宋保维, 袁潇, 胡海豹. 层流状态下超疏水表面流场建模与减阻特性仿真研究[J]. 西北工业大学学报, 2012, 30(5): 712-717. Song Bao-wei, Yuan Xiao, Hu Hai-bao. Simulating Flow Field of Superhydrophobic Surface in Laminar Flow to Reduce Its Drag[J]. Journal of Northweatern Polytechnical University, 2012, 30(5): 712-717.
[7]	黄桥高, 潘光, 胡海豹, 等. 超疏水表面滑移流动特性数值仿真研究[J]. 华中科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2013, 41(2): 26-30. Huang Qiao-gao, Pan Guang, Hu Hai-bao, et al. Numerical Simulation of Slip Flow Characteristics of Superhydro-phobic Surface[J]. Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2013, 41(2): 26-30.
[8]	Yuan S, Huang W, Wang X. Orientation Effects of Micro-grooves on Sliding Surfaces[J]. Tribology International, 2011, 44(9): 1047-1054.
[9]	徐中, 徐宇, 王磊, 等. 凹坑形表面在空气介质中的减阻性能研究[J]. 摩擦学学报, 2009, 29(6): 579-583. Xu Zhong, Xu Yu, Wang Lei, et al. Drag Reduction Effect of Dimple Concave Surface in Air[J]. Tribology, 2009, 29(6): 579-583.
[10]	El-Samni O, Chun H, Yoon H. Drag Reduction of Turbulent Flow over Thin Rectangular Riblets[J]. International Journal of Engineering Science, 2007, 45(2): 436- 454.
[11]	Hasegawa Y, Frohnapfel B, Kasagi N. Effects of Spatially Varying Slip Length on Friction Drag Reduction in Wall Turbulence[J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2011, 318(2): 22-28.
[12]	余永生, 魏庆鼎. 疏水性材料减阻特性试验研究[J]. 试验流体力学, 2005, 19(2): 60-66. Yu Yong-sheng, Wei Qing-ding. Experiment on the Drag-reduction of Non-wetting Materials[J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics, 2005, 19(2): 60-66.
[13]	黄桥高, 潘光, 武昊. 超疏水表面减阻水洞试验及减阻机理研究. 试验流体力学, 2011, 25(5): 21-25. Huang Qiao-gao, Pan Guang, Wu Hao. Investigation about Drag Reduction Water Tunnel Experiment and Mechanism of Superhydrophobic Surface[J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics, 2011, 25(5): 21-25.