Abstract: Software reliability is one of the important indexes to evaluate the quality of software. The evaluation and test is a key method to obtain the quantificational index of software reliability. To reasonably and effectively acquire the data of software reliability is of great significance to evaluate the quality of software. Based on the developing process of embedded software for some military products, the overall evaluation process of software reliability is analyzed. In the iterative course of "test-check-new edition" , the test method of software load and press and the statistic technique of reliability are applied to track the change of fault intensity, and to gather and analyze the software fault data, and subsequently to evaluate software reliability. Finally, the software test and the software reliability test are contrasted to put forward the emphasis of each test. The evaluation and test of software reliability improve system reliability before the software product is applied or loaded into hardware, which provide sufficient guarantee to the reliability of military products.