Acoustic Scattering Characteristics of a Diver Propulsion Vehicle
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摘要: 蛙人推进器(DPV)声隐身性能是特种作战的关键技术之一, 决定了蛙人部队能否秘密渗透。文中基于声呐目标声散射特性预报的近场板块元方法、频域间接法以及回声层析成像方法, 结合DPV几何外形的三维精确建模, 仿真计算DPV宽带全向时域回波、频率响应曲线以及DPV声层析成像结果, 分析入射平面波频率和入射方位角对其声散射特性的影响规律。开展了DPV静态声散射特性测量湖上试验, 获得正横方位频率响应曲线。试验与仿真结果吻合较好, 正横方位回声强度在−10 dB左右, 频响曲线误差在3 dB以内, 验证了理论建模的准确性。文中工作可为进一步研究DPV声隐身设计及探测提供参考。Abstract: The acoustic stealth performance of a diver propulsion vehicle(DPV) is one of the key technologies of special operations that determines whether diver troops can penetrate secretly. In this study, a precise three-dimensional geometric DPV model was established. Based on the model as well as the near-field planar element method for predicting the acoustic scattering characteristics of sonar targets, the frequency domain indirect method and the echo tomography method, broadband omnidirectional time-domain echoes, frequency response curves, and acoustic tomographic DPV images were obtained by simulation. The influence of the incident plane wave frequency and azimuth on the acoustic scattering characteristics of the DPV was analyzed. Lake tests were carried out to explore the static acoustic scattering characteristics of the DPV. The experimental and simulation results were in good agreement, with abeam echo strength of approximately −10 dB and a frequency response curve error within 3 dB, verifying the accuracy of the theoretical modeling. This study provides a reference for further research on the acoustic stealth design and detection of DPVs.
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Key words:
- diver propulsion vehicle /
- acoustic scattering /
- echoing characteristic /
- echo strength
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图 4 DPV声层析成像仿真结果
Figure 4. Acoustic tomographic imaging of DPV obtained from simulation
图 6 声传播方向上亮点
$ a,b $ 路程差示意图Figure 6. Schematic diagram of the distance between bright spots a and b in the direction of acoustic propagation
图 7 艏部亮点与导流罩亮点作为点散射体时的回声强度角度-频率分布图(0°~30°)
Figure 7. Angle-frequency distribution(0°~30°) of echo strength when bright spots at the bow and the dome are treated as point scatterers
图 8 艉部圆锥体亮点与导流罩亮点作为点散射体时的回声强度角度-频率分布图(120°~135°)
Figure 8. Angle-frequency distribution(120°~135°) of echo strength when bright spots at the stern cone and the shroud are treated as point scatterers
图 9 DPV声散射特性试验布置图
Figure 9. Experimental layout to DPV acoustic scattering characteristics
图 10 DPV声层析成像试验结果
Figure 10. Acoustic tomographic imaging of the DPV obtained from experiments
图 11 DPV正横方位频率响应理论与试验结果对比
Figure 11. Comparison of theoretical and experimental results of abeam frequency responses of the DPV
表 1 DPV试验和理论计算正横回声强度对比
Table 1. Comparison of theoretical and experimental re- sults of abeam echo strength of the DPV
频率/kHz 试验结果/dB 理论结果/dB 误差/dB 20 −6.8 −7.7 −0.9 25 −11.2 −10.3 0.9 30 −11.1 −8.3 2.7 35 −11.6 −9.1 2.5 40 −11.4 −8.6 2.8 带宽平均 −10.8 −9.1 1.7 
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